【作者】 苗荣； 房喻；

【Author】 Rong Miao;Yu Fang;Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry,Ministry of Education,School of Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi Normal University;

【机构】 应用表面与胶体化学教育部重点实验室陕西师范大学化学化工学院；

【摘要】 表面结构是影响纳米材料性能的关键因素,合理调控其表面物理化学结构是获得高性能功能表界面材料的有效手段。纳米材料的表面修饰通常有两种方法:物理修饰法和化学修饰法。所谓物理修饰,就是通过物理吸附作用将特定分子连接在纳米材料表面;而化学修饰法是利用纳米材料表面的活性基团和有机分子中的特定官能团发生反应,从而将修饰分子共价连接到材料表面。相比于物理修饰,化学修饰具有更好的稳定性,而且往往可以获得单分子层表面修饰,这就在极大保留原本纳米材料结构特征的同时,实现其表面功能化,获得微纳尺度上的功能表界面材料,为实现其进一步应用典型基础。以此为出发点,我们致力于共价修饰纳米材料表面并探索其应用的研究。以硅纳米线和碳量子点为例:设计、合成特定荧光分子,并利用其对硅纳米线(SiNWs)进行表面修饰,获得了一系列具有优异传感性能的体系;通过简单的表面修饰,改变碳量子点(CQDs)的表面基团,使其荧光强度增强了四倍,而且修饰之后的碳量子点吸潮性明显改善,为其固态应用奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Structure of the surface plays crucial roles in nano-materials applications. Adjusting physical/chemical structure of the surface is an efficient way to improve properties of the nanomaterials and paves roads for their high performance applications. Generally, there are two types of methods for nanomaterials modification: 1) physical modification, where the modifying groups are connected to the surface via noncovalent interaction; 2) chemical modification, where the modifying groups are immobilized by covalent bond. Compared with physical modification, chemical modification often shows better stability and own features of self-assembled monolayer, which makes chemical modification combines both advantages of the nanomaterials and the modifying group. Based on this consideration, we construct functional surface and interface by surface modification of nanomaterials. Two typical examples are used to illustrate our work theme: surface modification of silicon nanowires(SiNWs) and their application in biosensing and surface modification to improve fluorescence and moisture resisting property of carbon quantum dots(CQDs).更多还原