【作者】 李昂； 杨泓渊； 林君； 杨大鹏； 张怀柱； 郑凡；

【Author】 Li Ang;Yang Hongyuan;Lin Jun;Yang Dapeng;Zhang Huaizhu;Zheng Fan;College of Instrumentation & Electrical Engineering,Jilin University;National Engineering Research Center of Geophysics Exploration Instruments;Key Laboratory of Geo-exploration Instruments,Ministry of Education of China;

【机构】 吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院； 国家地球物理探测仪器工程技术研究中心； 地球信息探测仪器教育部重点实验室；

【摘要】 传统反馈式地震传感器在设计阶段结束后,反馈网络将被静态地固化于传感器内部,当老化、工作环境温度变化等因素导致参数漂移时,传统的反馈式地震传感器无法动态适应以维持其额定性能指标;并且针对不同类型的地震检波器均需要重新设计反馈网络,造成了较高的研发成本。为解决上述问题,本文提出了一种通用的、支持动态反馈网络的反馈式地震仪器架构,该架构配合本文提出的动态反馈网络生成算法,能够在工作环境变化时现场动态调整反馈网络以维持额定的性能指标,并为不同类型的地震检波器动态生成反馈网络。本文采取将反馈过程抽离至算法层面的思路,以数字算法处理单元为核心,将地震仪器架构重新划分为解耦的"感知-算法-应用"三层。感知层仅包含传感、激励单元及其简单预处理电路;算法层以算法处理单元为核心,向下为感知层提供通用的动态反馈算法(支持多种地震传感器、如地震摆、电化学检波器等),向上为不同类型地震测量(应用层)提供通用数字接口;应用层包含地震数据采集、定位、存储等应用组件。针对算法层,提出了一种地震检波器频率特性自辨识算法与一种动态反馈网络生成算法。自辨识算法将反馈线圈复用为测试信号发生器,可以在无需外部设备的条件下对地震检波器的频率特性进行辨识。动态反馈网络生成算法基于辨识结果即可自动生成能够配适多种地震检波器的反馈网络,并准实时平衡环境影响,将检波器工作频带调整到预期数值,并将阻尼系数调整到最佳阻尼值。本文最后以电化学地震仪器为应用实例,基于提出的架构和算法构建了一种新型地震传感器及采集仪器,并进行了仿真和实验验证,测试结果显示,该系统实现了自然频率1Hz,灵敏度200V/m/s,动态范围110dB,24位数字输出的性能指标,可以动态自动修正因老化、温度变化等因素带来的检波器自然频率和阻尼系数漂移,算法层能够适配不同型号的电化学检波器,降低了仪器的研发周期和成本,验证了本文提出的架构和算法的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the design phase of the traditional feedback seismic sensor is completed,the feedback network will be statically solidified inside the sensor.When aging,changes in working environment temperature and other factors cause parameter drift,the traditional feedback seismic sensor cannot dynamically adapt to maintain its rated performance Indicators;and the feedback network needs to be redesigned for different types of geophones,resulting in higher R&D costs.In order to solve the above problems,this paper proposes a general feedback seismic instrument architecture that supports dynamic feedback network.This architecture cooperates with the dynamic feedback network generation algorithm proposed in this paper,which can dynamically adjust the feedback network to maintain the rating when the working environment changes.Performance indicators,and dynamically generate feedback networks for different types of geophones.This paper takes the idea of extracting the feedback process to the algorithm level,with the digital algorithm processing unit as the core,and re-divides the seismic instrument architecture into the decoupled "sensing-algorithm-application" three layers.The sensing layer only contains sensing,excitation units and simple pre-processing circuits;the algorithm layer takes the algorithm processing unit as the core,and provides general dynamic feedback algorithms for the sensing layer downwards(supports a variety of seismic sensors, such as seismic pendulum,electrochemical detection) It provides universal digital interfaces for different types of seismic surveys(application layer);the application layer includes seismic data acquisition,positioning,storage and other application components.Aiming at the algorithm level,a self-identification algorithm for geophone frequency characteristics and a dynamic feedback network generation algorithm are proposed.The self-identification algorithm multiplexes the feedback coil as a test signal generator,which can identify the frequency characteristics of the geophone without external equipment.Based on the identification results,the dynamic feedback network generation algorithm can automatically generate a feedback network that can be adapted to a variety of geophones,and balance environmental influences in quasi-real time,adjust the geophone’s working frequency band to the expected value,and adjust the damping coefficient to the best damping value.At the end of this paper,an electrochemical seismic instrument is used as an application example.A new type of seismic sensor and acquisition instrument is constructed based on the proposed architecture and algorithm.Simulation and experimental verification are carried out.The test results show that the system achieves a natural frequency of 1 Hz and a sensitivity of 200 V./m/s,dynamic range 110 dB,24-bit digital output performaice indicators,which can dynamically and automatically correct the natural frequency and damping coefficient drift of the detector due to aging,temperature changes and other factors.The algorithm layer can adapt to different types of electrochemistry The detector reduces the R&D cycle and cost of the instrument,and verifies the validity of the architecture and algorithm proposed in this paper.更多还原