【作者】 付琳； 范越； 刘正奎；

【Author】 Fu Lin;Fan Yue;Liu Zhengkui;CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Science;

【机构】 中国科学院心理研究所； 中国科学院大学心理学系；

【摘要】 目的:尽管大量研究表明慢性应激会增加青少年的抑郁风险,良好的社会支持对个体具有保护作用,然而鲜有研究关注到,慢性应激下社会网络的特点及其与抑郁症状的关系。本研究通过考察高考复读生的社会网络结构及其变化特点,探究在重大慢性应激下社会网络与个体抑郁之间的相互影响。方法:以方便取样为原则,选取安徽省六安市毛坦厂镇金安中学补习中心7个班级(N=1062)学生,先后进行为期四次的问卷填写(T1-T4时间间隔6个月),包括社会网络自编问卷、流调中心抑郁量表。结果:复读生的抑郁水平随高考临近而逐渐增加,其班级网络互惠关系数量随时间推移而逐渐减少。建立基于行动者随机模型对网络效应和行为效应进行分析,结果显示,1)提名数量对其自身具有负向预测的作用(β=-3.68,OR=0.03, p<0.001);互惠关系对其自身具有显著的正向预测作用(β=2.71, OR=15.07, p<0.001),即个体回馈并发展出互惠关系的概率比发展一个随机关系的概率大15倍;2)基于抑郁水平的同伴选择对网络的效应达到显著性水平(β=0.24, OR=1.27, p<0.05),即网络中抑郁水平相近的个体倾向于建立关系、成为朋友;3)网络中与中心个体相连的人倾向于具有较低的抑郁水平(β=-0.10, OR=0.9, p<0.05)。结论:慢性应激下社会网络与抑郁水平的关系密切,个体倾向于跟与自己抑郁水平相近的个体成为朋友,而与网络中心个体相连则可以降低个体的抑郁水平。此结论对慢性应激下个体抑郁的干预具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] Although chronic stress is a major cause of depressive symptoms and typically affects adolescents, little is known about the relationship between social networks and depressive symptoms of adolescents suffering from chronic stress. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of social networks and to explore the mutual effects between social networks and depressive symptoms among adolescents who retained one more year to high school(also known as ‘restudy’ students) preparing for the college entrance examination. [Method] On the principle of convenience, seven classes of ‘restudy’ students(N=1062) from Jin’an high school in Maotanchang town, Lu’an city, Anhui province, were assessed for depressive symptoms and asked to nominate up to 5 friends within the same class. These nominations were used to construct a social network of each class. Stochastic actor-oriented models were fit to examine changes in social networks and depressive symptoms across four waves(six months). [Results] Depressive level increased in adolescents when it’s getting closer to the college entrance examination, while social network density decreased. The analysis of stochastic actor-oriented models indicated that 1) a negative out-degree parameter indicated that friendship with arbitrary others was not stable(β=-3.68, OR=0.03, p<0.001), unless there were additional reciprocity ties(β=2.71, OR=15.07, p<0.001); 2) the significant depression-based peer selection effect revealed that adolescents selected friends based on similarity in depressive symptoms(β=0.24, OR=1.27, p<0.05), 3) the significant popularity alter effect indicated that individuals who connected with high in-degree(e.g., popularity) alters were unlikely to be depressed(β=-0.10, OR=0.9, p<0.05). [Conclusion] Taken together, the results of the current study suggest that there are mutual effects between social networks and depressive symptoms of adolescents who suffering from chronic stress. Accordingly, social network may serve as targets within interventions for depressive symptoms.更多还原