【作者】 林琳； 何贵兵； 冯果；

【Author】 Lin Lin;Guibing He;Guo Feng;Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences,Xixi Campus,Zhejiang University;Research and Counseling Center,Southwest Jiaotong University;

【机构】 浙江大学心理与行为科学系； 西南交通大学心理研究与咨询中心；

【摘要】 人们追求长期目标本质上是对目标一致/背离行动进行动态跨期选择的过程。以往研究发现,控制感剥夺对个体行为可能产生积极或消极的影响,然而,关于控制感对个体目标追求行为的影响鲜有研究。本研究基于动态跨期决策的视角,探讨了控制感对目标背离行为的影响并考察控制源在其中的作用。研究采用2×2被试间设计,自变量为心理控制源与具身控制感启动,因变量为被试完成数字转录任务所用时间,用时越长表示越倾向于选择目标背离行为。结果发现:(1)控制感的主效应显著,控制感被剥夺的个体在目标追求中更容易产生背离行为;(2)控制感与控制源的交互作用显著,在控制感被剥夺的情况下,外控个体更容易产生目标背离行为;在控制感保持的情况下,内控个体更容易产生目标背离行为;外控个体在目标追求中的表现会受到控制感的影响,相比控制感保持的情况,其在控制感被剥夺的情况下更容易产生目标背离行为,而内控个体的表现并没有受到显著的影响。本研究结果表明,具身控制感会影响个体在目标追求过程中的背离倾向,不同控制源个体经历控制感变化后在目标追求中表现不同。本研究对于合理增强内外控个体的状态性控制感,帮助个体拒绝诱惑,更好更快地实现长期目标有一定的启发意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 People’s pursuit of long-term goals is essentially a process of dynamic intertemporal decision-making of goal-directed/goal-deviating actions. Previous studies have found that the control deprivation may have positive or negative effects on individual behaviors. However, there is a lack of empirical research on the effects of sense of control on individual goal-pursuing behaviors. Based on the perspective of dynamic intertemporal decision-making, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of the sense of control and the locus of control on the goal-deviating behavior. Then a 2×2 inter-subject design was conducted by this study. The independent variable was the locus of control and embodied control, and the dependent variable was the time taken by the subjects to complete the digital transcription task. The longer the time, the more inclined they were to choose goal-deviating behavior. The results showed that:(1) the main effect of sense of control was significant, and the control deprivation group were more likely to deviate from the target;(2) the interaction between the sense of control and the locus of control was significant. When the sense of control was deprived, the external control individuals were more likely to deviate from the target.When the sense of control was maintained, the internal control individuals were more likely to deviate from the target. The performance of the external control individual in the goal pursuit would be affected by the sense of control. The task duration of the control deprivation group was significantly longer than the control maintenance group under the external control personality, no significant difference between these two groups under the internal control personality. In conclusion, the sense of embodied control can affect the deviation tendency of individuals in goal pursuit process, and the individuals with the different locus of control had different performance in goal pursuit process. This study has certain enlightening significance for reasonably enhancing the sense of state control of internal and external control individuals, helping them to resist temptation and achieve long-term goals better and faster.更多还原