【作者】 胡婷； 王洁； 李卓宇； 林无忌； 莫雷；

【Author】 Ting Hu;Jie Wang;Zhuoyu Li;Wuji Lin;Lei Mo;School of Psychology,South China Normal University;Center for Studies of Psychological Application,School of Psychology,South China Normal University;

【机构】 华南师范大学心理学院； 华南师范大学心理应用研究中心；

【摘要】 择偶偏好是进化过程中根据生存需要逐渐形成的心理机制,并且随着社会发展不断发生变化。其中对于配偶性别角色的偏好,在择偶偏好中占有重要的地位。择偶偏好在个体成长过程中形成,父母对于子女的偏好的形成有着重要的影响,而父母的受教育程度又是一项重要的因素。本研究通过性别角色量表与内隐联想测验,探究父母受教育程度与外显择偶偏好和内隐择偶偏好之间的关系。前人研究发现,不同城乡地区对于择偶偏好有显著差异,因此本研究加入城乡地区作为调节变量。在研究1中,我们采用大学生性别角色量表,以网络发放问卷的形式调查了1033名大学生被试,探究外显择偶偏好与性别角色之间的关系。在研究2中,我们采用单类内隐联想测验,以130名大学生作为被试,探究内隐择偶偏好与性别角色之间的关系。研究结果表明:1、父母的受教育程度越高,在外显择偶偏好上越偏好非传统性别角色的对象。2、在女性被试中,城乡在两者之间具有调节作用,而在男性被试中则不存在这种调节作用。3、女性的内隐择偶偏好与父母受教育程度相关,但是男性则不存在这种相关。4、城乡在内隐择偶偏好上不存在调节作用,内隐择偶偏好与父母受教育程度的关系普遍存在于不同被试中。本研究表明,择偶偏好与父母受教育程度具有显著相关,父母受教育程度越高,越偏好非传统性别角色的配偶,并且在城乡之间的表现有所不同。因此,我们在教育子女、选择配偶方面,应该更注意不同的性别特征,减少传统观念束缚。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mating preference is a mental mechanism configurating based on identical survival necessities and social developments in evolution. Mating preference consist of the bias for people who are with specific physiological and psychological features, such as gender role. During one’s growth, the roles of parents are also important in shaping his/her mating preference. Several studies have found that education level of parents is making differences in their children’s mating preference. Previous studies have found that there are significant differences in spouse preference between different urban and rural areas, so this study adds rural-urban as a moderating variable. The present study investigated the relationship between parent’s education level and their children’s bias for gender role in mating situation by a survey and an experiment. In study 1, we applied general role questionnaire to test the explicit preference of gender role for ideal mate. we investigated 1033 college students in the form of online questionnaires using the Chinese Sex-Role Inventory(CSRI-50) to explore the relationship between explicit spouse preference and gender roles. In study 2, an implicit associated test(IAT) has been used to investigate implicit preference of gender role for ideal mate with 130 college students as subjects. In addition, two residential factors, rural-urban and the North-South, of participants were served as moderator variable in order to modeling in both study 1 and study 2. Results of study 1 showed that,(1) more higher education level of their parents, more preference for a partner with non-traditional gender role.(2) residential factors could modulate the upper effect. For North-South factor, comparing with the results in the South of China, parent education level plays a greater role on explicit preference in the North of China. For rural-urban factor, comparing with in urban, education level influence more in the child who living in rural. Results of study 2 revealed that,(1) implicit mating preference is also related with parent education level, while there is no significant correlativity between implicit preference and explicit preference.(2) the North-South difference have been found in the impaction of parent education level on their son’s implicit mating preference. Whereas, for the female participants, the effect of parent education level was not modulated by either the North-South factor or the rural-urban factor. In conclusion, mating preference of child at least partly depends on the education level of their parent. In other words, more higher education level of their parents, more obvious preference of the child is going to look for a partner who with non-traditional gender role. Such an effect has found in both explicit attitude and implicit attitude.更多还原