133例住院药疹患者致敏药物的回顾性分析

【作者】 孙旭群； 李娜； 刘婷婷； 夏泉；

【机构】 安徽医科大学第一附属医院药剂科国家中医药管理局中药化学三级实验室； 安徽中医药大学药学院；

【摘要】 目的分析药疹的主要致敏药物品种与种类、潜伏期、疗程等特点,初步了解药疹合并的系统损害。方法对2017年1月1日～2017年12月31日期间于某三甲医院皮肤科住院诊治的133例药疹患者的病历资料进行分类统计和分析。结果男性患者63人,女性患者70人,比例为1:1.11。患者年龄4岁～95岁,住院疗程3到20天。常见致敏药物的潜伏期从0.5小时至30天不等。药疹合并肝、肾功能或血常规异常的比例较高;前四位致敏药物为阿莫西林、别嘌呤醇、卡马西平和左氧氟沙星;主要致敏药物类型为中药及中药制剂类、头孢类、抗癫痫类、青霉素类和解热镇痛类。结论重症药疹危害巨大,医生和药师要加大对药物性皮疹的关注力度,掌握药疹发生的一般规律,改善药疹的治疗,在疾病治疗过程中注意警惕药疹的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the characteristics and types of latent sensitization drug eruption, latent period, course of treatment and outcome, as well as preliminary understanding of systemic damage associated with drug eruption.Methods The medical records of 133 patients with drug eruption who were diagnosed and treated in a dermatology department of a top-level hospital from January 1,2017 to December 31, 2017 were classified and analyzed. Results There were 63 male patients and 70 female patients with a ratio of 1:1.11. The patient’s age was 4 to 95 years old and the hospitalization course was 3 to 20 days. The latencies of common sensitizing drugs range from 0.5 hours to 30 days. There is a high proportion of drug eruptions associated with liver, kidney function, or abnormal blood routines.The correlation with drugs, or the characteristics of drugs causing skin damage and other adverse reactions at the same time, further analysis is needed. Conclusion Severe drug eruption is a great hazard. Doctors and pharmacists should pay more attention to drug-induced rash, master the general rules of drug eruption, and strengthen the understanding of the clinical features of drug eruption.更多还原