【作者】 高志玉； 薛维华； 王朝阳； 孙仕林； 戴立恒； 刘振； 王越；

【Author】 GAO Zhiyu;XUE Weihua;WANG Zhaoyang;SUN Shilin;DAI Liheng;LIU Zhen;WANG Yue;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University;

【机构】 辽宁工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院；

【摘要】 本文基于先进的软件平台Unity和业界领先的虚拟现实硬件套装HTC Vive Pro,创建了金属材料组织转变与性能测试全流程系列VR实验项目。采用C#语言编制了控制手柄与VR实验场景中三维模型对象的沉浸式交互操作。该系列VR实验项目内容涵盖金属材料工程领域材料组织转变与性能测试全流程的多种典型实验内容(见图1、图2),如材料热处理、显微组织观察(OM、LSCM)、硬度性能测试(洛氏、维氏、布氏)、拉伸性能测试、冲击性能测试等。VR实验具有不受时间、地点、人数限制且可重复的特点,沉浸性好。理论上,虚拟试样不受材料种类与数量的限制、工艺方法不受时间因素制约,因此,可以在VR实验场景中开展多种不便于实施的真实实验内容。以热处理实验为例,真实的热处理实验过程通常为高温带电操作,危险系数较大。而且热处理实验耗材多、能耗大,个别实验工艺复杂、周期长。因此,真实实验对于热处理新人来说,短时间难于独立完成。此外,受限于人力、物力、财力,更是难于对多种不同成分的材料开展不同的热处理工艺实验。目前,无论高校的热处理实验教学,还是企业员工的热处理职业技能培训,通行做法是根据热处理设备条件选择典型材料进行选择性热处理实验,如此不利于相关人员全面掌握金属热处理的原理与工艺。VR技术为解决当前这一问题提供了途径。构建沉浸式的VR材料热处理实验,将热处理设备的使用、工艺方法实施等过程的安全注意事项在虚拟场景中进行预设,借助V R系统的交互功能与逻辑判断对使用者进行全方位警示,从而降低真实实验发生意外的几率。在VR实验中,热处理实验样品的材质与数量不受限制,工艺实施过程效率高。通过开展大量的热处理实验,有利于实验者总结规律,提高热处理技能。实验者可以通过PC机、网络、VR硬件等多渠道开展不受时空约束的虚拟实验、反复实验,直到完全掌握相关技能方法。金属材料组织转变与性能测试全流程VR实验既可用于高等院校进行实验教学,又可用于企业的职业技能培训。未来,课题组将进一步丰富现有VR实验类别与内容,使其涵盖材料加工制备技术、分析测试方法的全领域,甚至包括材料(产品)工程应用服役过程的VR情景再现。充分利用VR实验的特点,增强材料科技工作者对相关知识、技能的学习与应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the advanced software platform Unity and the industry-leading virtual reality hardware suite HTC Vive Pro,a series of VR experimental projects for metal material microstructure transformation and performance testing were established in this paper.The immersive interaction between the control handle and the three-dimensional model object in the VR experimental scene is programmed by using C # language.This series of VR experiments covers a variety of typical experiments in the whole process of material micrrostructure transformation and performance testing in the field of metal material engineering(see Fig.1 and Fig.2),such as material heat treatment,microstructure observation(OM,LSCM),hardness testing(Rockwell,Vickers,Brinell),tensile testing and impact testing and so on.VR experiment is not limited by time,place,number of people and can be repeated and it has good immersion.In theory,virtual samples are not subject to the limitations of material types and quantities,and process methods are not subject to time factors.Therefore,a variety of real experimental contents that are not easy to implement can be carried out in VR experimental scenarios.Taking heat treatment experiment as an example,the real heat treatment experiment process is usually high temperatureelectrification operation with a high risk factor.Moreover,the heat treatment experiment consumes a lot of materials,consumes a lot of energy,and the individual experiment process is complex and the cycle is long.Therefore,it is difficult for the new heat treatment workers to complete the real experiment independently in a short time.In addition,limited by human,material and financial resources,it is difficult to carry out different heat treatment process experiments on materials with different components.At present,no matter the heat treatment experiment teaching in universities or the heat treatment vocational skill training of employees in enterprises,the common practice is to select typical materials for selective heat treatment experiments according to the conditions of heat treatment equipment,which is not conducive to the relevant personnel to fully grasp the principle and process of metal heat treatment.VR technology provides a way to solve the current problem.The immersion heat treatment experiment of VR material is constructed and the safety precautions of the process of using heat treatment equipment and implementing process methods are preset in the virtual scene.With the help of the interactive function and logical judgement of VR system,the users are warned in all directions,so as to reduce the probability of accidents in the real experiment.In VR experiment,the material and quantity of heat treatment experimental samples are not limited,and the process efficiency is high.Through a large number of heat treatment experiments,it is helpful for the experimenters to summarize the rules and improve the heat treatment skills.Experimenters can conduct virtual experiments and repeated experiments without time and space constraints through PC,network,VR hardware and other channels until they have fully mastered the relevant skills and methods.The whole process VR experiment of metal materialmicrostructure transformation and performance testing can be used not only for experimental teaching in colleges and universities,but also for vocational skills training in enterprises.In the future,the research group will further enrich the existing VR experimental categories and contents,covering the whole field of material processing and preparation technology,analysis and testing methods,and even the VR scene reproduction of material(product) engineering application and service process.Make full use of the characteristics of VR experiment to enhance the learning and application of related knowledge and skills of materials science and technology workers.更多还原