【作者】 逄敏； 宋为威； 王长芳子； 逄勇；

【Author】 Pang Min;Song Weiwei;Wang Changfangzi;Pang Yong;School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology;Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education,Hohai University;College of Environment, Hohai University;

【机构】 南方科技大学环境科学与工程学院； 河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室； 河海大学环境学院；

【摘要】 为了减轻大坝拦河对鱼类生存环境带来的威胁,通过建设过鱼设施,帮助鱼类顺利完成洄游。本文以引哈济党工程为例,确定了过鱼设施为仿自然通道,主要过鱼对象为修长高原鳅及叶尔羌高原鳅,根据高原鳅的生态习性进行了仿自然通道的设计。设计的仿自然通道断面为矩形,坡度取1%,宽度取2m,总长520m,采用交错式隔板布置,护面为粗糙的浆砌石块,内部镶嵌鹅软石,使过鱼通道糙率为0.03以上。通过EFDC(Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code)模型模拟了仿自然通道隔板间距为5m时,上游边界为水库高水位、正常水位、低水位,下游边界相应为1.0m3/s、1.0m3/s、0.8m3/s下通道的流场。结果表明:采用5m间距布置的仿自然通道,更适宜高原鳅洄游,该隔板间距下,水库高水位、正常水位、低水位运行时,仿自然通道内最大流速分别为0.75m/s、0.76m/s、0.75m/s,平均流速分别为0.25m/s、0.33m/s、0.23m/s,满足高原鳅洄游流速在0.2-0.8 m/s的范围。本研究对恢复鱼类和其它水生生物的正常生活环境,保护鱼类多样性具有指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 To mitigate the threat that dams will have on the fish’s living environment, and to help fish to successfully complete the migration by building fishway. In this paper, taking the example of the diversion Ha river to Dang river project as an example, the imitate natural fish passage is determined. The main fish objects are Triplophysa Leptosoma and Triplophysa Yarkandensis. According to the ecological habits of the Triplophysa, the imitate natural fishway is designed. The fishway section is rectangular, with a slope of 1%, a width of 2 m, and a total length of 520 m. It is arranged with a staggered baffle, and the revetment is rough masonry stones. The inside of the fishway is inlaid with pebbles so that the roughness of the fishway is more than 0.03. The Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code simulates the flow field when the spacing between the fishway partitions is 5 m. The upstream boundary is the reservoir high water level, normal water level, and low water level, and the downstream boundary is 1.0 m3/s, 1.0 m3/s, and 0.8 m3/s. The results show that the fishway with 5 m spacing is more suitable for Triplophysa migration, and the maximum flow velocity in the fishway is 0.75 m/s, 0.76 m/s, and 0.75 m/s respectively when the reservoir is in high water level, normal water level, and low water level. The flow velocity is 0.25 m/s, 0.33 m/s, and 0.23 m/s, respectively, satisfying the plateau migrating velocity in the range of 0.2-0.8 m/s. This study will have a guiding role in restoring the normal living environment of fish and other aquatic organisms and protecting fish diversity.更多还原