【作者】 汪筱林； 王元青； 金帆； 徐星； 王原；

【Author】 WANG Xiaolin;WANG Yuanqing;JIN Fan;XU Xing;WANG Yuan;Instutite of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;Natural History Museum,Changchun University of Science and Technology;

【机构】 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所； 长春科技大学自然历史博物馆；

【摘要】 辽西热河生物群中包含4个脊椎动物化石组合:义县组下部孔子鸟—中华鸟龙—张和兽（Confuciusornis-Sinosauropteryx-Zhangheotherium）组合,义县组中部满洲鳄—潜龙—辽西鸟（Monjurosuchus-Hyphalosaurus-Liaoxiornis）组合,义县组上部室井氏狼鳍鱼—满洲满洲龟（Lycoptera muroii-Manchurochelys manchouensis）组合和九佛堂组华夏鸟—朝阳鸟—鹦鹉嘴龙（Cathayornis-Chaoyangia-Psittacosaurus）组合。脊椎动物化石对比确定的时代为早白垩世。根据Gradstein等（1995）中生代地质年代表,火山熔岩、沉凝灰岩⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar同位素年龄确定的含化石沉积夹层及脊椎动物化石组合的时代分别为Barremian中期、Barremian晚期和Aptian期,义县组、九佛堂组属Valanginian晚期—Barremian和Aptian期。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Jehol Biota from the Yixian and Jiufotang formations of western Liaoning Province is one of the best-known fauna around the world.Four vertebrate assemblages can be recognized as follows in ascending order corresponding to stratigraphic sequence:1) Confuciusornis-Sinosauropteryx-Zhangheotherium Assemblage is the lowest and known from the Jianshangou Bed,the lacustrine intercalation of the lower Yixian Formation.A great number of vertebrate fossils have been collected from Sihetun-Jianshangou and neighbouring area in Beipiao of the Jinlingsi-Yangshan Basin.Fossil vertebrates occurs in this assemblage are Peipiaosteus pani,P.sp.,Lycoptera sinensis,L.davidi,L.sp.,Sinamia sp.,Liaobatrachus grabaui,Callobatrachus sanyanensis,Manchurochelys liaoxiensis,Dalinghosaurus longidigitus,Eosipterus yangi,Dendrorhynchoides curvidentatus,Pterodactyloidea gen.et sp.nov.,Sauropoda indet.,Sinosauropteryx prima,Caudipteryx zoui,Protarchaeopteryx robusta,Dromaeosauridae gen.et sp.nov.,Therizinosauridae gen.et sp.nov.,Psittacosaurus sp.,Confuciusornis sanctus,C.sunae,C.chuonzhous,C.sp.,Liaoningornis longiditris,Eoenantiornithes buhleri,Zhangheotherium quinquecuspidens,etc.Two tuff samples fromteh layers interbedded with fossil-bearing deposits at Sihetun and Jianshangou,dated 125.42±0.08 Ma and 125.52±0.07 Ma,respectively,suggest a middle Barremian age of the Early Cretaceous.2) Monjurosuchus-Hyphalosaurus-Liaoxiornis Assemblage includes Peipiaosteus pani,Protopsephurus liui,Lycoptera davidi,Monjurosuchus splendens,Hyphalosaurus lingyuanensis,Yabeinosaurus tenuis,Sauropoda indet.,Theropoda indet.,Liaoxiornis delicatus.This assemblage is mainly represented by fossils from Daxinfangzi-Dawangzhangzi and adjacent area in Lingyuan of the Pingquan-Lingyuan Basin.The result of radiometric date on sediments of Dawangzhangzi bed,122.2±0.2 Ma ～122.5 ±0.3 Ma,indicates a late Barremian age for the middle of the Yixian Formation.3) Lycoptera muroii-Manchurochelys manchouensis Assemblage is only known from the Jingangshan bed of the upper Yixian Formation in Yixian county of the Fuxin-Yixian Basin.Lycoptera muroii,Manchurochelys manchouensis,and Yabeinosaurus tenuis are representatives of this assemblage.Volcanic breccia samples have been dated 121.4± 1.1 Ma~121.6±0.4 Ma,corresponding to the late Barremian in age4) Cathayornis-Chaoyangia-Psittacosaurus Assemblage is the only one of four assemblages known from the Jiufotang Formation.Fossil vertebrates collected from Boluochi and Meileyingzi and other areas of Chaoyang in Beipiao-Changyang Basin represent the assemblage.They include Peipiaosteus pani,Protopsephurus liui,Sinamia zdanskyi,Lycoptera davidi,Jinanichthys longicephalus,Longdeichthys luojiaxiaensis,Huashia sp.,Sauropoda indet.,Psittacosaurus meileyingensis,P.mongoliensis,Sinornis santensis,Boluochia zhengi,Cathayornis yandica,Cathayornis caudatus,Longchengornis sanyanensis,Cuspirostrisornis houi,Largirostrornis sexdentoris,Chaoyangia beishanensis,Songlingornis linghensis,etc.Fossil birds of this assemblage comprise the Cathayornis Fauna.The Jiufotang Formation conformably overlies the Yixian Formation.So far,the only radiometric date measured from the basalt overlying the Jiufotang Formation at Tebch of Nei Mongol,110±0.52 Ma,indicates that the age of this formation is no later than Aptianof late Early Cretaceous.The vertebrate biochronolgy and chronology support the argument that the Jehol Biota,and the Yixian and Jiufotang formations are Early Cretaceous in age.更多还原