【作者】 翟明智； 张炯明； 尹延斌；

【Author】 Zhai Ming-zhi;Zhang Jiong-ming;Yin Yan-bin;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing;

【机构】 北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室；

【摘要】 本文通过无水溶液电解法,从某钢厂生产模铸EA1N车轴钢钢样中无损提取出完整的大型夹杂物,借助光镜、扫描电镜和EDS能谱分析等工具,分别对精炼、浇铸过程和铸锭中大型非金属夹杂物的三维形貌,成分组成,尺寸分布和数量密度等进行了研究。在样品中无损提取出了尺寸约为50-200μm的大型非金属夹杂物,分析了精炼过程中夹杂物的演变规律和凝固过程夹杂物的析出行为。结果表明:精炼过程夹杂物主要成分为并发生"Al₂O₃→MgO-Al₂O₃→CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃→CaO-Al₂O₃"的演变规律,夹杂物数量密度减少至8个/cm³。发现浇注过程的二次氧化和中注管、汤道中的耐材侵蚀为大型夹杂物的主要来源。铸锭中大多为CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃系和CaO-Al₂O₃系复合型夹杂物,形貌多为块状和球状。大型夹杂物在铸锭中的数量分布规律是横向表层多中心少,上下分布为头部多尾部少。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through the anhydrous solution electrolysis method, we can extract complete inclusions from steel samples of EAIN axle steel. By means of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the three-dimensional morphology, composition, size distribution and quantity density of the large non-metallic inclusions in the refining, teeming and steel ingot were analyzed.A large non-metallic inclusion with a size of about 50-200μm was extracted from the sample without loss. The evolution of inclusions in steel during refining and solidification process is analyzed. The result shows that the evolution route of inclusions is "Al₂O₃→MgO-Al₂O₃→CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃→CaO-Al₂O₃". The number of inclusions is reduced to 8/cm3. Founding that the secondary oxidation of the pouring process and the injection tube and runner refractory erosion is the main sources for large inclusions. The ingots mostly contain CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃ and CaO-Al₂O₃ composite inclusions and inclusion morphology are spherical and block. Inclusions in the subsurface of the rolled billet are more and larger than those in the interior of the rolled billet. The inclusion number increases from the rear to the head of the rolled billet（from the bottom to the top of the ingot）.更多还原