【作者】 危玲； 黄盖群； 李文学； 殷浩； 罗茜； 张剑； 罗进；

【Author】 Wei Ling;Huang Gaiqun;Li Wenxue;Yin Hao;Luo Xi;Zhang Jian;Luo Jin;The Sericultural Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Jiangsu University of Science and Technology;Analytical and Testing Center of Sichuan Province;

【机构】 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所； 江苏科技大学； 四川省分析测试服务中心；

【摘要】 甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵和腐霉利是桑椹菌核病防治的常用药剂,为了评价3种杀菌剂在果桑生产中应用的安全性,指导生产上科学合理用药,借助气相和高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测技术,研究了大田条件下使用3种农药在桑椹中的消解动态和最终残留。对3种杀菌剂的消解动态试验结果表明,甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵和腐霉利在桑椹中的消解均符合一级动力学方程:甲基硫菌灵为C=2.650e^-0.217T,R²=0.850,半衰期为3.194d;多菌灵为C=27.457e^-0.076T,R²=0.789,半衰期为9.120 d;腐霉利为C=16.476e^-0.055T,R²=0.795,半衰期为12.603 d。对3种杀菌剂的最终残留试验结果表明:配制甲基硫菌灵药液的质量浓度为0.70 g/L和1.40 g/L,多菌灵药液的质量浓度为0.63 g/L和1.26 g/L,腐霉利药液的质量浓度为0.33 g/L和0.66 g/L,于2015年3月25日、2015年4月1日喷施药液2次或2015年3月18日、2015年3月25日和2015年4月1日喷施药液3次,至桑椹盛熟期（最后一次施药后30 d）采样,检测桑椹中甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵和腐霉利的残留量分别在0.27～0.39 mg/kg、0.16～0.45 mg/kg和0.13～0.50 mg/kg之间,符合食品安全国家标准中对浆果类水果的农药残留量限制标准。3种杀菌剂均可用于桑椹菌核病的防治,田间施药在保证防效的前提下,可适当提前施药时间和控制药液浓度,并尽量采收成熟桑椹。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thiophanate-methyl,carbendazim and procymidone are fungicides commonly used to prevent mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis.In order to evaluate the safety of the 3 fungicides in mulberry fruit production and guide scientific use fungicides in production,the paper made use of the GC and HPLC-MS/MS detection technology to research degradation dynamics and final residues of the 3 pesticides used in mulberry fruits under the field conditions.The results showed that the degradation dynamic of thiophanate-methyl,carbendazim and procymidone in mulberry fruits conformed to the first-order kinetic equations:the equation was C=2.650 e^{-0.217 T} for thiophanate-methyl,wherein R²=0.850 and the half-life was 3.194 d;the equation was C=27.457 e^{-0.076 T} for carbendazim,wherein R²=0.789,and the half-life was 9.120 d;the equation was C=16.476 e^{-0.055 T} for procymidone,wherein R²=0.795 and the half-life was 12.603 d.It is shown in the experimental results of final residues of the 3 fungicides that:the mass concentrations for preparation of thiophanate-methyl were respectively 0.70 g/L and 1.40 g/L;those of carbendazim were 0.63 g/L and 1.26 g/L;those of procymidone were 0.33 g/L and 0.66 g/L;each concentrations of fungicide were sprayed for two times on March 25,2015 and April 1,2015 or sprayed for three times on March 18,2015,March 25,2015 and April 1,2015;sampling was carried out till the maturity period of mulberry fruits(the 30^th day since the last time of application) so as to detect residue amounts of thiophanate-methyl,carbendazim and procymidone in mulberry fruits,wherein the residue amounts were respectively within the scopes of 0.27-0.39 mg/kg,0.16-0.45 mg/kg and 0.13-0.50 mg/kg,which satisfied fungicide residue restriction standards for berry-type fruits in National Standards for Food Safety.In conclusion,the 3 fungicides can be applied for prevention and control of mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis.On the premise of field control effects,application can be carried out in advance and the concentration can be controlled appropriately,while the mature mulberry fruits shall be harvested as much as possible.更多还原