【作者】 王仰仁； 韩娜娜； 杨丽霞；

【Author】 Wang Yangren;Han Nana;Yang Lixia;Department of Water Conservancy Engineering,Tianjin Agricultural University;Shanxi Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research;

【机构】 天津农学院水利工程系； 山西省水利水电科学研究院；

【摘要】 以一维土壤水分运动基本方程定解问题和时间作物水模型为依据,以产量最大为目标,建立了有限供水条件下灌溉制度优化模型,给出了序列无约束极值求解方法;在此基础上,以单位面积纯收益最大为目标求得了非充分灌溉制度,以非充分灌溉制度中每次灌水前的土壤含水率的连线作为灌水下限,求得了非充分灌溉土壤水分下限值;以山西省运城市冬小麦为例,求得了五种水文年的非充分灌溉土壤水分下限值。初步分析结果表明,非充分灌溉土壤水分下限值随作物生长时间变化呈减小趋势,不随水文年变化,可作为非充分灌溉预报的依据;按照该下限值灌水,可较现状灌溉模式提高产量6.55%,增加净收益10.0%以上。该研究完善了非充分灌溉土壤水分下限值的概念,对于非充分灌溉制度的田间实施具有重要指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the fundamental equation of one-dimensional soil moisture movement and crop water model and with the largest yield as the goal,an irrigation schedule optimization model under limited water supply was established.Methods of solving sequential unconstrained extremum were provided.On this basis,the deficient irrigation schedules and the lower limit of soil moisture were obtained by the unit area objective of maximizing the net income.For example of winter wheat in Shanxi Province Yuncheng area,the lower limits of soil moisture of five kinds of hydrological years were obtained.The results showed that the lower limit of soil moisture under deficient irrigation shows a decreasing trend with time and does not change with hydrological years:it can he used as a basis for forecasting the deficient irrigation.The net profit has increased by 10% and the yield has increased 6.6% over the current irrigation method.This research revises the lower limit of soil moisture under deficient irrigation.And the research has an important significance for the field implementation of deficient irrigation schedule.更多还原