【作者】 熊冬梅； 蒙彦晓； 刘海侠； 张建禄； 王继隆； 王立新； 刘小林；

【Author】 XIONG Dong-Mei;MENG Yan-Xiao;LIU Hai-Xia;ZHANG Jianlu;WANG Jilong;WANG Lixin;LIU XiaoLin;Department of Fisheries Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University;Shaanxi Institute of Zoology;Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;

【机构】 西北农林科技大学动科学院水产科学教研室； 陕西省动物研究所； 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所；

【摘要】 细鳞鲑属Brachymystax鱼类隶属于鲑形目、鲑科,可分为尖吻细鳞鲑(B.lenok)、钝吻细鳞鲑(B. tumensis)和秦岭细鳞鲑(B. lenok tsinlingensis),是我国重要的冷水性经济鱼类,其野生种群数量锐减,其中秦岭细鳞鲑在1998年被列为国家II级保护动物。然而,目前鱼类学界对秦岭细鳞鲑的分类地位存有争议,有学者把它当作尖吻细鳞鲑的一个亚种,也有学者认为其是独立的物种。本研究于2014-2017年从陕西秦岭水系和黑龙江流域采集细鳞鲑属鱼类样本,从形态学差异、mtDNA控制区(D-loop)序列差异及微卫星标记三个角度探讨秦岭细鳞鲑有效分类地位。结果表明:(1)几何形态学(n=169)的典型变量分析显示三个类群的样本能100%区分开,判别分析准确率达90%以上,说明三个细鳞鲑类群的形态差异显著。(2)扩增217个样本的mtDNAD-loop区序列,获得45个单倍型,三个类群间无共享单倍型,表明类群间存在高度分化。(3)14个多态性位点的遗传分化结果表明,秦岭细鳞鲑与尖吻细鳞鲑、秦岭细鳞鲑与钝吻细鳞鲑之间的遗传距离和分化程度均大于尖吻细鳞鲑和钝吻细鳞鲑之间的该数值。基于以上分析结果,推断秦岭细鳞鲑为细鳞鲑属的一个独立的物种,并建议今后以Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966作为秦岭细鳞鲑的拉丁学名。更多还原

【Abstract】 The taxonomic status of Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis Li, is controversial since it was found. In this study, the differences among three Brachymystax groups(B. lenok lenok and B. tumensis from Amur river and B. lenok tsinlingensis from Qinling) were investigated based on morphological and molecular data. The main results were listed below:(1) Three groups of Brachymystax fishes were well distinguished by canonical variate analyses. Discriminanting accurate of discriminant function analysis above 90%. Significant morphological variation were found by geometric morphometrics.(2) No shared haplotypes were found between any two groups of Brachymystax, which indicated high differention among three lenoks.(3) Results of 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci showed the genetic distance between B. tsinlingensis and any one of B. lenok and B. tumensis were all bigger than the distances of B. lenok and B. tumensis. On the basis of the morphological and molecular data, it is suggested that the Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li could be regarded as an independent species.更多还原