【作者】 罗峰； 金晓玲； 柴弋霞； 陈睿；

【Author】 LUO Feng;JIN Xiao-ling;CHAI Yi-xia;CHEN Rui;College of landscape Architecture,Centrnal South University of Forestry and Technology;

【机构】 中南林业科技大学风景园林学院；

【摘要】 为了解自然条件下桂南木莲、马关木莲结实率低的原因,运用杂交指数、花粉/胚珠值、花粉活力和柱头可授性观测、人工套袋实验等方法,对这两种植物的开花生物学、繁育系统进行比较研究。经果表明:①两种植物花期4～5月份,全株花期近1个月,单朵花期3～5d,都存在二次开合现象;②两种植物的柱头和花粉在阶段3活力最高,但花粉萌发率低,且桂南木莲花粉活力散失快;③根据杂交指数,判定两种植物都是部分自交亲和,异交,需要传粉者。参照花粉/胚珠值,两种植物为专性异交。④人工控制性实验表明,桂南木莲自交不亲和,马关木莲同株异花授粉能正常结实。综上所述:桂南木莲为异花授粉,昆虫传粉为主,自然条件下结果率、坐果率低的内因是花粉活力低、散失快;马关木莲部分自交亲和,异交,需要传粉者,自然条件下结果率、坐果率低的外因是缺少有效的传粉昆虫。更多还原

【Abstract】 There was a comparison of floral traits and breeding system between Uanglietia chingi and Manglietia maguanica in order to know the reason of law seed setting rate of these two plants in natural condition by using the hybridiantion index,pollen/ovele ratio,and observating pollen viability and stigma observability,artifical pollination and bagging.The results showed that:①The flowering of thess two plants lasted 3-5 days and the populations flowering in April and endded in May,with the duration being about 1 mouth.Besides,the flowers of thess two plants opened and closed twice.②The stigma and pollen of the two plants had the highest vigor at stage 3,but the pollen germination rate was law,and pollen vitality of Manglietia chingi disappeared lastly;③According to the hybridization index,it was judged that thetwo plants were partially self-friendly and outcrossing.With reference to pollen/ovule values,both plants were specifically outcrossing) ④Artificial controlled experiment showed that Manglietia chingi was the self-incompatibility and Manglietia maguanica was self-compatibility.In summary,Manglietia chingi was cross flower pollination and insect pollination.It was law rate of the pollen vitality disappeared lastly that caused law seed setting of Manglietia chingi in natural conditions;Manglietia maguanica was self-compatibility partly and out of cross,needed insect to pollinate.Under natural conditions,the results of the low rate of fruit is the lack of effective pollination insects.更多还原