【作者】 张玉鸽； 高康； 刘芷兰； 宋雪彬； 戴思兰；

【Author】 ZHANG Yu-ge;GAO Kang;LIU Zhi-lan;SONG Xue-bin;DAI Si-lan;Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education,School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University;

【机构】 花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室国家花卉工程技术研究中心城乡生态环境北京实验室林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室园林学院北京林业大学；

【摘要】 本文作者以354个大菊品种为试验材料,对大菊的现蕾期、破膜期、透色期、初花期、中花期、盛花期、末花期、孕蕾期、开花持续期、观赏持续期等10个性状进行了连续3年的观测,准确定义了大菊开花阶段并对开花期参数进行了研究。结果表明,根据孕蕾期的长短,以10d为级差,划分为3个类群:短孕蕾期、中孕蕾期和长孕蕾期,平均孕蕾期为19±6d;以初花期相差10d为级差,划分为5个初花期时序品种群:最早花期品种群(VE)、早花期品种群(E)、中花期品种群(M)、晚花期品种群(L)和极晚花期品种群(EL);以开花持续期相差6d为级差,划分为5个花期长度等级品种类群:超短花期品种群(VS)、短花期品种群(S)、中等长度花期品种群(M)、长花期品种群(L)和超长花期品种群(VL),平均开花持续期为28±5d;以观赏持续期相差4d为级差,划分为5大类群:极短期、短期、中期、长期和超长期,平均观赏持续期为13±4d;通过对大菊品种群不同开花阶段栽培特性、观赏特性和观赏多度指数(CDI)的分析,确定了栽培条件下不经过遮光处理的大菊品种最佳观赏期为11月下旬至12月上中旬。本研究可为大菊品种群在应季观赏、群体适应性改良、定向育种亲本选配等方面提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The author used 354 Chrysanthemum cultivan as experimental materials and observed the 10 traits of squaring stage,traversing stage,coloration stage,initial flowering stage,middle flowering stage,full flowering stage,late flowering stage,bud stage,continuous flowering stage and continuous admiring stage for three years,defining the flowering stage accurately and studying the flowering parameters.The results showing:According to the length of flowering period in the bud,lOd as the difference,divided into three groups:short bud,middle bud and long bud,the average bud period is 19 ±6 d;the difference of 10 d in initial flowering stage as the differential,they are divided into five initial flowering time-series varieties;very early group(VE),early group(E),medium group(M),late group(L) and extremely late group(EL);the difference of 6 d in continuous flowering stage,which are divided into five flowering length-grade breed groups;very short group(VS),short group(S),medium group(M),long group(1) and very long group(VL),the average initial flowering stage is 28 ± 5 d;the difference of 4 d in continuous admiring stage,they are divided into five major groups:very short-term,short-term,medium-term,long-term and The long-term,the average continuous admiring stage is 13 ±4 d.Through the analysis of the cultivation characteristics,ornamental characteristics,and Cultivar diversity index(CDI) at different stages of flowering stages of Chrysanthemum cultivan,it was determined that the best admiring period of Chrysanthemum is from late November to early and middle December under the conditions of cultivation without shading.This study can provide basis for chrysanthemum cultivan in seasonal admiring,group adaptability improvement,and orientation breeding parent selection.更多还原