Effect of alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation and nitrogen rates on yield and grain quality of rice

【作者】 盛家艳； 付立冬； 贺江； 于吉祥； 张伟杨； 王志琴； 杨建昌；

【机构】 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心；

【摘要】 In order to understand the effects of water or N fertilizer on rice yield,quality and its physiological mechanism,a japonica hybrid rice cultivar Yongyou 2640 was grown in field,and two irrigation regimes,namely continuously flooded(CF) and alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation(AWMD),and three N rates,namely LN(120 kg N/ha),MN(240 kg N/ha),HN(360 kg N/ha) were conducted.The effect of irrigation regimes and N rates on rice growth and development,yield formation,nutrient uptake,and rice quality were investigated.The results showed that,at the same N rate and compared with CF,AWMD significantly increased grain yield by 6.7%-18.6%because of increases in the percentage of filled grains and 1000-grain weight.In the CF regime,the grain yield at HN and MN were 21.1%-23%and 12%-15.5%higher than LN,respectively.The yield at HN was lower than MN due to the lower percentage of filled grains and lower 1000-grain weight.In the AWMD regime,grain yield showed no significance between MN and HN although both MN and HN exhibited a higher grain yield than that LN,with the increase by 23.7%-25.3%arid 23.2%-24.4%,respectively.Among all the treatment combinations of irrigation regimes and N rates,the combination of AWMD+MN showed the highest grain yield.The reason for the high yield of AWMD+MN was the synergetic increase in total number of spikelets,the percentage of filled grains and 1000-grain weight.When compared with CF,AWMD significantly reduced irrigation water by 18.1%-23.2%and increased water use efficiency(WUE) by 27.3%-55.3%.The WUE was highest when AWMD combined with MN.At the same N rate,when compared with CF,AWMD significantly increased appearance quality through reducing rice chalk size,chalkiness degree,and improved starch viscosity property by reducing setback and increasing peak viscosity and breakdown.The AWMD+MN treatment combination showed the highest milled rice rate,head rice rate and the lowest amylose content,and the best rice quality among all the treatment combination of irrigation regimes and N rates.更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to understand the effects of water or N fertilizer on rice yield,quality and its physiological mechanism,a japonica hybrid rice cultivar Yongyou 2640 was grown in field,and two irrigation regimes,namely continuously flooded(CF) and alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation(AWMD),and three N rates,namely LN(120 kg N/ha),MN(240 kg N/ha),HN(360 kg N/ha) were conducted.The effect of irrigation regimes and N rates on rice growth and development,yield formation,nutrient uptake,and rice quality were investigated.The results showed that,at the same N rate and compared with CF,AWMD significantly increased grain yield by 6.7%-18.6%because of increases in the percentage of filled grains and 1000-grain weight.In the CF regime,the grain yield at HN and MN were 21.1%-23%and 12%-15.5%higher than LN,respectively.The yield at HN was lower than MN due to the lower percentage of filled grains and lower 1000-grain weight.In the AWMD regime,grain yield showed no significance between MN and HN although both MN and HN exhibited a higher grain yield than that LN,with the increase by 23.7%-25.3%arid 23.2%-24.4%,respectively.Among all the treatment combinations of irrigation regimes and N rates,the combination of AWMD+MN showed the highest grain yield.The reason for the high yield of AWMD+MN was the synergetic increase in total number of spikelets,the percentage of filled grains and 1000-grain weight.When compared with CF,AWMD significantly reduced irrigation water by 18.1%-23.2%and increased water use efficiency(WUE) by 27.3%-55.3%.The WUE was highest when AWMD combined with MN.At the same N rate,when compared with CF,AWMD significantly increased appearance quality through reducing rice chalk size,chalkiness degree,and improved starch viscosity property by reducing setback and increasing peak viscosity and breakdown.The AWMD+MN treatment combination showed the highest milled rice rate,head rice rate and the lowest amylose content,and the best rice quality among all the treatment combination of irrigation regimes and N rates.更多还原