【作者】 丁红； 张智猛； 戴良香； 慈敦伟； 秦斐斐； 宋文武； 刘孟娟； 付晓；

【Author】 DING Hong;ZHANG Zhi-meng;DAI Liang-xiang;CI Dun-wei;QIN Fei-fei;SONG Wen-wu;LIU Meng-juan;FU Xiao;Shandong Peanut Research Institute;College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agriculture University;

【机构】 山东省花生研究所； 新疆农业大学农学院；

【摘要】 在防雨棚早池内以"花育22号"花生为试验材料进行土柱栽培试验,在中度干旱胁迫和充足灌水两个水分条件下,分别设置不施氮肥（N₀）、中氮(N₁,90 kg·hm^-2)、高氮(N₂,180 kg·hm^-2)3个施氮水平,研究不同土壤水分和氮肥条件对花生叶片生理活性及根系形态发育特征的影响。结果表明:与不施氮肥处理相比,两个水分条件下中氮处理均显著增加花生产量,但对收获指数无显著影响。干旱胁迫条件下,中氮处理对总根系生物量和总根长无显著影响,但显著增加花生总根系表面积;施用氮肥显著增加20～40 cm土层内根长和根系表面积,且高氮处理显著增加40 cm以下土层内根系生物量和根系表面积。施用氮肥显著提高干旱胁迫条件下叶片CAT和POD活性,而MDA含量随施氮量的增加而降低。正常供水条件下,施用氮肥显著降低了花生根系表面积和40 cm以下土层内根系生物量、根长和根系表面积,但中氮处理可提高叶片保护酶活性。相关性分析表明,20～40 cm土层内根长和叶片SOD、CAT、POD活性与产量呈极显著相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 The drought resistance variety "Huayu 22" of peanut was used as material for water stress and nitrogen fertilizer experiments and grown in soil columns in the anti-rain canopy.The present experiment was designed as2×3 split plots with soil water as main plot and nitrogen fertilizer as sub-plot.Two levels of soil water condition were:1) well-watered condition and 2) moderate water stress:70⁷5%of relative soil water content and 45⁵0%of field moisture capacity.Three levels of nitrogen were:1) none nitrogen（No）,2) moderate nitrogen(N₁,90 kg hm^-2) and 3) high nitrogen(N₂,180 kg hm^-2).The leaf physiological activities and root morphological characteristics of peanut plants were analyzed.The results showed that moderate nitrogen treatment significantly increased the peanut yield under two water conditions,but showed no significant effect on harvest index compared with no fertilizer treatment.There were no significant effects on total root biomass and total root length in moderate nitrogen treatment,but the total root surface area was remarkably increased under water stress condition.The application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the root length and root surface area in20～40 cm soil layers under water stress condition.High nitrogen level significantly increased the root biomass and root surface area in the soil layers below 40 cm under water stress condition.Under water stress condition,application of nitrogen fertilizer remarkably increased CAT and POD activities in leaf.However,MDA content in leaf was decreased with the increase of nitrogen level.The root biomass,root length and root surface area in the soil layers below 40 cm and total root surface area were significantly reduced by nitrogen application under well-watered condition,however,only moderate nitrogen treatment could increase leaf protective enzyme activities.Correlation analysis showed that the root length in 20～40 cm soil layers and SOD,CAT,POD activities in leaf were highly significantly related with yield.更多还原