【作者】 郭滢； 王岩； 王大华；

【Author】 Guo Ying;Wang Yan;Wang Dahua;Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University;

【机构】 北京师范大学发展心理研究院；

【摘要】 研究目的:通过考查老年夫妻被试的总体健康状况和婚姻满意度,探讨前者对后者的影响以及抑郁水平在其中所起的中介作用。研究方法:通过社区联系的方式招募到247对(494名)生活在北京的老年夫妻被试(平均婚龄42.57±6.94年),其中男性被试年龄范围为58～85岁,平均年龄69.48±5.55岁,受教育水平平均在高中以上;女性被试年龄范围为55～81岁,平均年龄66.90±4.98岁,受教育水平平均在初中以上。被试完成《ENRICH婚姻质量问卷》中的"婚姻满意度"分量表、生活质量量表(SF-36)中的"总体健康状况"分量表以及《老年抑郁量表15题版》。研究结果:基于主客体互倚模型(APIM),使用统计软件SPSS22.0和Mplus7进行数据的整理和分析。在控制了婚龄、受教育水平、收入状况之后,结果表明:(1)老年夫妻双方总体健康状况与婚姻满意度之间,存在显著的主体效应,表现为丈夫和妻子的总体健康状况均可以显著正向预测自身的婚姻满意度(p<.001);而二者间不存在显著的客体效应;(2)对于主体效应来说,丈夫的总体健康状况在预测自身的婚姻满意度时,直接效应显著且抑郁所起的中介效应显著,解释量|ab/c|为21.21%;妻子的总体健康状况在预测自身的婚姻满意度时,直接效应显著,抑郁所起到的间接效应不显著;(3)对于客体效应来说,丈夫的总体健康状况在预测妻子的婚姻满意度时,直接效应和间接效应均不显著;妻子的总体健康状况在预测丈夫的婚姻满意度时,直接效应不显著,只存在由抑郁作为中介变量的间接效应。结论:夫妻的健康对各自的婚姻满意度有正向预测作用;抑郁可作为中介变量部分解释丈夫健康对自身婚姻满意度以及妻子健康对丈夫婚姻满意度的正向作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of general health status on marital satisfaction among elderly couples and to explore the mediating effect of depression. 247 pairs(494) of elderly couples living in Beijing were recruited through community contacts. They were asked to complete the "Marriage Satisfaction" subscale in the ENRICH Marriage Quality Questionnaire、the "Total Health Status" subscale in the Quality of Life Scale(SF-36)and the GDS-15 scale. Based on the actor-partner interdependence model(APIM), the results show that: after controlling age, education level and income status,(1) There is a significant actor effect between the general health status of the elderly couple and their marital satisfaction(p<.001) whereas the partner effect is insignificant;(2) for the actor effect, the husband’s general health can predict his own marriage satisfaction through both a significant direct effect and a significant mediating effect of depression; The wife’s general health have a significant direct effect on her own marriage satisfaction;(3) for the partner effect, when predicting wife’s marriage satisfaction, husband’s general health has neither a significant direct effect nor a significant indirect effect whereas the mediating effect of depression is significant when we tried to analyze the influence of wife’s health status on husband’s marriage satisfaction. So it’s reasonable to conclude that the general health status can positively predict marital satisfaction for both members of the couple. Consistent with our hypothesis, depression can serve as a mediating effect when we tried to predict husband’s marriage satisfaction using his own and his partner’s health status.更多还原