【作者】 张丽华； 王晓彤； 隋雪；

【Author】 Lihua Zhang;Xiaotong Wang;Xue Sui;College of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University;

【机构】 辽宁师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 搜索阅读是日常生活中,几乎每天都要使用的一种阅读方式。然而,有关搜索阅读的研究则相对较少。本研究采用眼动记录法,考察了词频和视觉复杂性在搜索阅读中的作用及其对词汇识别和眼动行为的影响。本研究对目标词的笔画数(多、少)和词频(高、低)进行了控制。实验一,给出一个既定的搜索词,要求被试搜索句子并判断搜索词是否存在。结果发现,词频对目标词的注视时间和跳读率均没有产生显著的影响。视觉复杂性对目标词的注视时间影响不显著,但对目标词的跳读率影响显著。这一结果表明,决定何时移动眼睛和眼睛移到何处是两个各自独立的子系统。实验二提高了搜索难度,给出两个既定的搜索词,同样要求被试搜索句子并判断搜索词是否存在。结果发现,词频对目标词的注视时间和跳读率仍没有产生显著的影响。但视觉复杂性对目标词的注视时间和跳读率均产生显著的影响。被试对高视觉复杂性词的注视时间更长且跳读率更低。基于两个实验结果发现,视觉信息(词的视觉复杂性)会对搜索阅读产生影响,但词汇水平信息(词频)则不会影响搜索阅读。结果表明被试进行搜索阅读时,对文本的加工深度较浅,没有达到对文本的词汇水平信息进行加工的程度,被试可能是通过视觉匹配策略来完成搜索阅读。本研究为E-Z读者眼动控制模型提供了证据支持和补充。更多还原

【Abstract】 earch for a target word or some information is an everyday reading, however relatively few studies have investigated this kind of reading. The present study use eye-tracking method to investigate the effects of word frequency and visual complexity on eye movements during target word search in Chinese. We controlled the frequency(high, low) and visual complexity(number of strokes) of the critical words in the sentences. In experiment 1, participants were required to search one target word and judge whether the target word present or absent. The results show there were no significant effects of word frequency on fixation durations and skipping rate. There were significant effects of visual complexity on skipping rate, but not on fixation durations. This result support the view that decisions about when and where to move the eyes are made by different oculomotor systems. In experiment 2, participants were required to search two target word and judge whether the target word present orabsent. The results show there were no significant effects of word frequency on fixation durations and skipping rate. But there are significant effects of visual complexity on skipping rate and fixation durations. Participants made longer fixation durations on complex words and were less likely to skip the complex words. Taken together, these findings indicate that eye movement behaviors during target word search in Chinese is largely driven by superficial processing of the text but not driven by lexical processing. Target word search in Chinese may be achieved by visual form match strategy. The study provides evidence to support the existing eye-movement control model.更多还原