【作者】 江虹； 潘芳；

【Author】 Jiang Hong;Pan Fang;Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University;

【机构】 山东大学基础医学院医学心理学系与伦理学系；

【摘要】 对城市初三学生考试焦虑与心理健康状况进行调查分析。采用横断面调查法,以考试焦虑问卷和90项症状清单对济南市一中学的初三学生进行了整群取样调查。109例被试者中,SCL-90总分大于160分的共25例,占22.9%,其中男生14例,占23.3%,女生11例,占22.4%,性别间比较无显著差异(X2=0.021,P>0.05)。阳性症状数超过43项者共28例,占25.7%,其中男生17例,占28.3%,女生13例,占26.5%,性别间差异无统计学意义(X2=0.024;0.028, P>0.05)。躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执和精神病性性别间比较均无显著性差异(t=0.219-1.750, P>0.05)。考试焦虑问卷各维度中对学业不良的担忧(7.00±2.78,6.51±2.46;t=0.963,P=0.338)、考场环境不利因素(3.21±1.77,3.30±1.63;t=0.727,P=0.786)、突发事件的干扰(11.15±4.59,11.10±4.68;t=0.053,P=0.958)、自卑和对后果的担忧(15.50±6.86,14.79±6.72;t=0.538,P=0.592)性别间均无显著性差异。回归分析显示,对学业不良的担忧、考场环境不利因素和自卑对心理健康状况有显著性影响,是影响心理健康的重要因素。年龄是影响考试焦虑中对突发事件担忧的因素初三学生的心理健康状况不佳,考试焦虑是影响其心理健康的主要因素,且年龄是影响考试焦虑主要因素。提示对初三学生应进行发展性辅导。更多还原

【Abstract】 To observe the mental health and test anxiety of junior school students in city. s A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 109 students using test anxiety and SCL-90. there are 25 students whose SCL-90 score higher than 160, boys 14(22.9%) and girls 11(22.4), no significant difference between the gender(X2=0.021, P>0.05). There are 28 students whose positive symptom more than 43, boys 17(28.3%) and girls 13(26.5%), no significant difference between the gender(X2=0.024, 0.028; P>0.05). There are no obvious differences between boys and girls in items of SCL-90(t=0.219-1.750, P>0.05) and the sub-dimension of test anxiety(7.00±2.78, 6.51±2.46, t=0.963,P=0.338; 3.21±1.77,3.30±1.63, t=0.727, P=0.786; 11.15±4.59,11.10±4.68, t=0.053,P=0.958; 15.50±6.86, 14.79±6.72, t=0.538, P=0.592). Regression analysis showed that the learning disability, unfavorable factors in environment during examination and low self-esteem are the influence factor on the state of mental health. Furthermore, the age is the main factor affecting test anxiety. Middle school students had low level of mental health, test anxiety is the main factor affecting their mental health and age can influence the test anxiety.更多还原