【作者】 何玲； 姜媛；

【Author】 He Ling;Jiang Yuan;Department of Sport Psychology, Beijing Sport University;

【机构】 北京体育大学运动心理学教研室；

【摘要】 目的:考察大学生人格与孤独感的关系,并从积极心理学视角来探讨生命意义在人格和孤独感之间的中介作用。方法:以346名普通高校大学生为被试,采用中国大五人格问卷简氏版(CBF-PI-B)、中文人生意义问卷(C-MLQ)和UCLA孤独量表中文版来测量大学生人格、生命意义和孤独感,运用Pearson积差相关、分层回归分析、Preacher和Hayes的Bootstrap方法探讨大学生人格、生命意义和孤独感的关系。结果:大五人格各维度和生命意义及其各维度与孤独感相关显著,其中神经质和孤独感显著正相关,其余均显著负相关;责任心、宜人性、开放性、外向性与生命意义及两维度呈显著正相关,但神经质与生命意义及其两维度负性相关不显著。分层回归分析显示,大五人格对孤独感预测作用显著;在加入了生命意义体验和生命意义寻求后,预测作用仍然显著,神经质、宜人性、开放性、外向性、生命意义体验均显著预测大学生孤独感。中介分析首先探讨了生命意义对大五人格和孤独感的中介作用,结果显示,大五人格除神经质维度以外,在其余各维度与大学生孤独感之间,生命意义均起中介作用,中介效应占总效应的比例在8%-15%之间;进一步探讨生命意义两维度的并行中介作用,结果显示生命意义体验在大五人格责任心和开放性与孤独感的关系中起中介作用。结论:人格、生命意义与大学生孤独感联系紧密,并且是孤独感的有效预测变量;生命意义在大学生大五人格和孤独感之间起中介作用,但中介效应较小,生命意义体验在责任心和开放性与大学生孤独感之间起中介作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objectives: To explore the relationship between college students’ personality and loneliness, and to explore the intermediary role of meaning in life in the relationship between personality and loneliness from the perspective of positive psychology. Methods: A total of 346 undergraduates were selected as the subjects. The CBF-PI-B, Chinese-language Life Questionnaire(C-MLQ) and UCLA were used to measure the personality of college students, meaning in life and loneliness. This paper analyzes the relationship between the personality and the meaning in life on the loneliness by using the Pearson product correlation analysis, and uses the hierarchical regression analysis to explore the predictive effect of the personality and meaning in life on the loneliness and by using Preacher and Hayes’ Bootstrap method to explore parallel mediation of the search for meaning in life and presence for meaning in life in college students’ personality and loneliness. Results: There was a significant negative correlation between conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, extroversion and meaning in life, search for meaning in life, presence for meaning in life and loneliness, and the positive correlation between neuroticism and loneliness. There was a significant positive correlation between conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness, extroversion and meaning in life, search for meaning in life, presence for meaning in life, but there was no significant negative correlation between neuroticism and meaning in life and its two-dimension. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the prediction of the personality was significant. The predictive effect was still significant after the addition of the search meaning in life and the presence for meaning in life, and the neuroticism, agreeableness, openness, extroversion and the presence for meaning in life were significantly predicted the loneliness of college students. Mediation analysis is divided into two steps to discuss, the first step to explore theintermediary role of meaning in life on the personality and loneliness, the results showed that in addition to the neuroticism, the divisors had different mediators between the other dimensions and the loneliness of college students, and the proportion of mediating effect was between 8% and 15%. Further, the parallel mediating effect of two dimensions of meaning in life was further explored, the results showed that the presence for meaning in life is partly mediated by conscientiousness and openness and loneliness. Conclusion: Personality and meaning in life are closely related to the loneliness of college students, and are favorable predictors of loneliness. Meaning in life plays a mediating role between college students’ personality and loneliness, but the mediating effect is small. And the presence for meaning in life can play a single intermediary role in conscientiousness and openness and loneliness of college students.更多还原