【作者】 钟建安； 丁俞芳； 刘颖；

【Author】 Zhong Jianan;Ding Yufang;Liu Ying;Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang University;

【机构】 浙江大学心理与行为科学系；

【摘要】 社会排斥是一种广泛存在于现实生活中并深刻影响个体的认知、情绪和行为的社会现象。研究社会排斥不仅是学术发展的需要,也是和谐社会的诉求。以往学术界对社会排斥的研究主要集中在社会和认知领域,却鲜少有人将研究拓展到金融和决策领域。然而消费与决策与我们的生活密切相关,社会排斥同样也是生活中不容忽视的现象,探究二者之间的关系具有重大意义。因此,本文一方面重点关注个体的风险决策是否会受到社会排斥这一情景因素的影响,其中的具体机制又是如何;另一方面,本文还想分析不同的社会排斥,如短期社会排斥、长期社会排斥、直接排斥和间接排斥,对风险偏好的影响是否相同。本文通过实验操控和情景问卷结合的方式共进行了三个研究:研究一采用回忆范式启动被试的被排斥感,探究了短期社会排斥与个体风险偏好的关系,并检验了金钱态度在其中的中介作用;研究二通过问卷测量方式,检验现实生活中的长期社会排斥对风险偏好的影响是否与短期社会排斥一致;研究三在进一步验证二者关系的基础上引入特质观变量,探讨人格特质因素对这种关系的影响。最终得到如下研究结论:1.短期社会排斥正向影响个体的风险偏好水平。2.长期社会排斥正向影响个体的风险偏好水平。无论是直接社会排斥还是间接社会排斥,当个体经历更多社会排斥时,其风险偏好水平较高。3.金钱态度中介"社会排斥-风险偏好"的关系。4.特质观调节"社会排斥-风险偏好"的关系。相比于实体论者,渐变论者在被排斥后更加倾向高风险高收益的选项。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a phenomenon widely existed in real life, social exclusion profoundly affects individual’s cognition, behavior and emotion. The study of social exclusion is not only the need for academic development, but also the demand of a harmonious society. Previous study of social exclusion mainly focused on social and cognitive fields, but few people extended research into financial and decision-making fields. However, considering that consumption and decision-making are closely related to our lives and that social exclusion is also an inevitable phenomenon in life, to explore the relationship between the two is of great significance. Therefore, on the one hand, this article focuses on whether individual risk decision-making will be affected by social exclusion, and what is the specific mechanism within it; on the other hand, this article means to analyze whether effects of different social exclusion on individual risk preference are the same, such as short-term social exclusion, long-term social exclusion, direct exclusion and indirect exclusion. In this paper, three experiments were carried out by means of experimental control and scenario questionnaire. This first experiment explored the relationship between short-term social exclusion and individual risk preference,and the mediating role of money attitude within it. In the second research, we used the method of questionnaire to explore that whether the impact of long-term social exclusion on risk preference is consistent with short-term social exclusion. And in the third experiment, we further verified the relationship between the two on the introduction of the variable of implicit trait beliefs. The main conclusions are given as follows: 1. Short-term social exclusion positively affects individual risk preference. 2. Long-term social exclusion positively affects individual risk preference. Whether it is direct social exclusion or indirect social exclusion, individual who experiences more social exclusion has higher risk preference level. 3. Money attitude plays a mediating role in the relationship between social exclusion and risk preference. 4. Implicit trait belief plays a moderating role in the relationship between social exclusion and risk preference. Compared to the entity theorist, the incremental theorist is more inclined to projects of high risk and high returns after being excluded.更多还原