【作者】 赵君； 王哲； 孙宇浩；

【Author】 Zhao Jun;Wang Zhe;Sun Yu-Hao;Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University;

【机构】 浙江理工大学心理系；

【摘要】 眼睛在面孔整体加工中作用重大(Nemrodov et al,2014)。然而关于眼睛在面孔整体加工中发挥作用的原因一直存在争议:有观点认为是眼睛存在与否影响了面孔的整体加工。相应的实验证据是,当眼睛被去除后,面孔的倒置效应消失(Nemrodov et al,2011&Itier et al,2007)。另有观点认为,眼睛注视影响了面孔的整体加工。相应的实验证据是,当眼睛注视回避时面孔整体加工被打破(Young et al,2014)。本研究采用面孔倒置范式,用3个实验考察了眼睛本身的存在和眼睛注视的存在对面孔整体加工的影响。每一个实验都采用面孔朝向判断任务,分别呈现正立和倒置的面孔图片,要求被试判断面孔的朝向。实验1要求25名被试完成对正视面孔(有眼睛,有注视)、闭眼面孔(有眼睛,无注视)和无眼面孔(无眼睛,无注视)的朝向判断任务。结果发现,正视面孔的知觉出现倒置效应,闭眼面孔和无眼面孔中没有出现倒置效应。实验2要求35名被试完成对正视面孔(有眼睛,有注视)、墨镜遮挡面孔(无眼睛,有注视)和白纸遮挡面孔(无眼睛,无注视)的朝向判断任务。结果发现,正视面孔的知觉出现倒置效应,墨镜遮挡面孔和白纸遮挡面孔中没有出现倒置效应。实验3要求25名被试完成对正视面孔(有眼睛,有注视)、墨镜遮挡面孔(无眼睛,有注视)和无眼面孔(无眼睛,无注视)的朝向判断任务,进一步考察眼睛在面孔整体加工中的作用。结果发现,正视面孔和墨镜遮挡面孔的知觉出现倒置效应,无眼面孔没有出现倒置效应。综上,我们认为:眼睛存在和眼睛注视都会影响面孔的整体加工。更多还原

【Abstract】 Eyes play an important role in face holistic processing(Nemrodov et al, 2014). However, there are controversies regarding the reason why eyes exert a great influence in face holistic processing. One opinion is that the existence of eyes has a considerable impact on face holistic processing. When eyes were removed from the face, the face inversion effect disappeared. Another research(Nemrodov et al, 2011& Itier et al, 2007) indicates that the eye gaze has an influence on face holistic processing. Averted-gaze face disrupts the face holistic encoding(Young et al,2014). In this current study, inversion paradigm was employed and three experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of the existence of eyes and the eye gaze. Upright and inverted pictures were presented and subjects were asked to discriminate the orientation of each stimulus regardless of its category. In experiment 1, 25 participants were asked to perform the orientation judgement on three types of faces: eyes forward face(have eyes, have eye gaze), eyes closed face(have eyes, no eye gaze) and without eyes face(no eyes, no eye gaze). Results showed a significant face inversion effect in eyes forward face but not in eyes closed faces or eyeless face. In experiment 2, 25 participants were asked to perform the orientation judgement for faces with eyes forward(have eyes, have eye gaze), with sunglasses covered(no eyes, have eye gaze) and with white paper covered(no eyes, no eye gaze). Results showed a significant face inversion effect in eyes forward face but not in sunglasses covered face or white paper covered face. In experiment 3, 25 participants were asked to perform the orientation judgement on three types of faces: eyes forward face(have eyes, have eye gaze), sunglass covered face(no eyes, have eye gaze) and without eyes face(no eyes, no eye gaze). Results showed a significant face inversion effect in eyes forward face and sunglasses covered face but not in without eyes face. In summary, our data suggests that both the existence of eyes and eyes gaze play independent roles in face holistic processing.更多还原