【作者】 韩雨芳； 唐魁玉； 喻丰；

【Author】 Yufang Han;Kuiyu Tang;Feng Yu;Institute of Social Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Science, Xi‘an Jiaotong University;Department of Sociology, Harbin Institute of Technology;

【机构】 西安交通大学人文学院社会心理学研究所； 哈尔滨工业大学社会学系；

【摘要】 大数据时代来临,信息资源在全球范围内得以共享,给人们的生活工作带来了极大的便利,但与此同时也造成了更大范围、更深程度的个人数据资料的泄漏、个人生活隐私的曝光问题。生活在银幕之上的社会公众人物更是首当其冲遭遇到这样的隐私曝光危机。本研究以社会公众人物为主要研究对象,对2014年9月—2015年3月期间,腾讯娱乐版面656条新闻报道进行单词归并、提取文本特征和特征修剪、统计分析和文本挖掘,尝试研究大数据时代社会公众人物生活隐私曝光的现象。对新闻报道进行统计分析,发现社会公众人物被曝光的生活隐私主要涉及个体生理特征、个体情感经历、工作与财产和个体社会活动四个方面;隐私被曝光的原因除了社会环境外,更多在于曝光主体的曝光动机,如分享动机、窥探动机、引起关注动机等;以帕森斯的社会行动理论为基础,对隐私曝光现象的本质和特点进行概括和总结。对新闻报道进行文本分析,发现隐私被曝光的三种手段(认知、描述和解释)得益于数据的混杂性和相关性;隐私曝光机制的三个阶段中可以发现存在着从自我曝光到媒体曝光和媒体侵权曝光这两个问题。运用哈贝马斯的"合法化危机"理论进行阐释,发现其既是合法律性的合法性危机,同时也是合道德性的合法性危机;结合哈贝马斯的"合法性危机"和福柯的"治理术",从"主体缺失"角度提出国家、社会、个人在大数据时代保护个人生活隐私时应当采取的几方面措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the coming of the big data era, where information resources are shared on a global scale, great convenience is brought to people’s lives and work. But at the same time, the leakage of personal data and exposure of personal privacy are happened in a greater scope and depth, especially for the social public figures who live on the screen. This study takes social public figure as the main research object and collects data of about 656 news reports in the Tencent entertainment from September 2014 to March 2015 according to the feasibility and effectiveness principle. On the basis of word merge, text features extracting and pruning, statistical analysis, and text mining, this study tries to research the privacy exposure of the lives of social public figures in the big data era. In this article, it first of all defines the connotation and denotation of "the privacy of the lives of social public figures". Based on statistical analysis, it is found that the privacy of public figures mainly includes such four aspects as individual physical characteristics, individual emotional experience, work and property, and individual social activities. Beside the extrinsic factors of social environment, the reasons for the privacy exposure of social public figures lie more in the exposure motivation of the main body of exposure. On the basis of Parsons’ theory of social action and analysis of the exposure content and exposure reason, this paper has tried to summarize the essence and the characteristics of such kind of exposure. By means of text analysis of the news reports collected, it is found that big data can reveal the private lives of social public figures with three exposure methods(cognitive, descriptive and explanative), which mainly benefit from the mixture and correlation of data. In the three stages of the exposure of private lives of the social public figures, it can be found that there are such problems as self-exposure, media exposure and media infringement exposure. Habermas’ s theory of "legitimacy crisis" is used to analyze the phenomenon of social lives and privacy exposures of public figures, and it is found that it is not only the legitimacy of the legal crisis, but also the crisis of legitimacy and morality. By combining Habermas’ s theory of "crisis of legitimacy" and Foucault’s theory of "governance", this article has put forward some suggestions for the state, society and individual from the perspective of "subject missing" to protect individual privacy in the big data era.更多还原