【作者】 龙思宇； 余美文； 严良斌； 张国成； 孙培文；

【Author】 YU Mei-wen;YAN Liang-bin;ZHANG Guo-cheng;SUN Pei-wen;LONG Si-yu;Institute of Dermatology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,National Center for Leprosy Control,Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention;

【机构】 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院皮肤病医院中国疾病预防控制中心麻风病控制中心；

【摘要】 目的分析2011—2015年中国麻风病流行病学特征,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法对2011—2015年收集的全国麻风病监测资料进行流行病学和趋势分析。结果中国麻风病发现率从2011年的0.085/10万下降至2015年的0.049/10万,年均下降12.9%。2011—2015年共新发现麻风病例4775例,其中儿童、女性、流动人口、多菌型和2级残疾分别占新发现病例总数的2.2%、31.4%、10.8%、84.6%和23.7%。2011—2015年全国共发现复发病例328例,其中联合化疗后复发病例占复发病例总数的46.6%。中国麻风病患病率从至2011年的0.407/10万下降至2015年的0.235/10万,年均下降12.9%。2015年底全国尚有现症病例3230例。至2015年底,全国麻风病患病率>1/10万的县(市、区)为124个,患病率>1/万的县(市、区)为零。结论 2011—2015年间全国麻风病发现率和患病率持续下降,高流行省份为云南、贵州、四川、广东,同时中低流行省份的麻风病控制工作也不容忽视。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the epidemiological profile of leprosy in China,2011-2015,and to provide scientific evidences for strategies development.Methods An epidemiological analysis was performed based on national leprosy surveillance database reported from provincial level.Result The case detection rate of leprosy in China decreased from 0.085 per 100 000 population in 2011 to 0.049 per 100 000 population in 2015 with an average decrease rate per annum of 12.9%.A total number of 4775 leprosy cases were newly detected during 2011-2015 and the proportion of children under 15,female cases,migrant cases,multibacillary cases and cases with grade 2 disability among newly detected cases were 2.2%,31.4%,10.8%,84.6% and 23.7% respectively.From 2011 to 2015,a total number of 328 relapse cases were reported and the proportion of relapse cases after multi-drug therapy was 46.6%.The prevalence rate of leprosy in China decreased from 0.407 per 100 000 population in 2011 to 0.235 per 100 000 population in 2015 with an average decrease rate per annum of 12.9%.By the end of 2015,the registered leprosy cases were 3230 and there were 124 counties with a prevalence rate above 1 per 100 000 population.China reached the target for elimination of leprosy defined as a prevalence rate below 1 per 10 000 population at county level in 2015.Result The leprosy case detection rate and prevalence rate continued to decrease from 2011 to 2015.The high endemic provinces were Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan and Guangdong provinces.It is also necessary to enhance leprosy control in middle and low endemic provinces.更多还原