【作者】 黄志明； 刘枫； 周佳慧； 黄俊新； 刘晖；

【Author】 Huang Zhi-ming;LIU Feng;ZHOU Jia-hui;HUANG Jun-xin;LIU Hui;Department of dermatovenereology, Bao-an chronic disease control hospital;Department of Leprosy control, Shenzhen Institute for Chronic Disease Control;

【机构】 深圳市宝安区慢性病防治院； 深圳市慢性病防治中心；

【摘要】 目的:掌握深圳市宝安区麻风病流行趋势、影响因素及防治效果,为制订麻风病预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法:收集宝安区历年原始病历、麻风病防治资料,采用回顾性调查的方法,按年段对资料进行分析。结果:1991—2012宝安区新发现麻风病人71例,年平均发现率0.145/10万;病人发现途径以皮肤科门诊为主,发现66例,占92.95%。新发现病人88.73%是非深圳市户籍人口;新发现病人中多菌型与少菌型比值2.94:1; 2年以内早期病例34例,占47.89%,;Ⅱ级畸残率22.54%;工人患者53例,占74.65%。结论:目前麻风病流行强度仍然处在低流行状态中波动,传染源持续输入,彻底消灭麻风病将是一项长期的任务;新发现的患者中,非户籍人口为主,省外病人占比大幅上升;以皮肤科门诊发现为主,用工体检的主动发现方式没有发挥作用。提高社会对麻风病的认知,逐步完善综合性医疗机构参与麻风发现工作机制。继续探讨非户籍人口麻风病防治模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To study the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy and influencing factors and effect of leprosy control in Shenzhen BAOAN District from 1991 to 2012, and to provide a scientific evidence for strategies made. Methods:Epidemic data of leprosy in Shenzhen BAOAN District from 1991 to 2012 was analyzed. Results: Seventy-one registered leprosy cases were newly detected from 1991 to 2012. The average detection rate was 0.145 per 100 000.Sixty-six leprosy cases(92.95%)were detected through attendance in skin clinics, 88.73% of cases were non-resident, the ratio of MB/PB was 2.94:1, courses of 34 cases(47.89%) were less than 2 years, the rate of grade Ⅱdeformity was 22.54%, and 53(74.65%) cases were workers. Conclusions: The incidence of leprosy in Shenzhen BAOAN District is lower, but due to continuing imported infection, leprosy elimination must be a long-term mission. The majority of leprosy cases are floating population and the proportion of patients who have not Guangdong provincial household registration increased sharply. Most patients were detected through attendance in skin clinics, but the general examination of workers in factories is not a effective method. The social health education of leprosy must be strengthened and Leprosy control should be integrated into general hospitals. A new model of controlling leprosy should be further developed.更多还原