【作者】 王旭东； 谌文武； 孙满利； 郭青林； 赵林毅； 张景科； 王南；

【Author】 WANG Xudong;CHEN Wenwu;SUN Manli;GUO Qinglin;ZHAO Linyi;ZHANG Jingke;WANG Nan;National Research Center for Conservation of Ancient Wall Paintings and Earthen Sites,Dunhuang Academy;School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Lanzhou University;College of Cultural Heritage,Northwest University;

【机构】 敦煌研究院国家古代壁画与土遗址保护工程技术研究中心； 兰州大学土木工程与力学学院； 西北大学文化遗产学院；

【摘要】 土遗址是我国不可移动文物中重要的类型之一,具有历史延续长、价值高、数量大、抵抗自然与人类活动破坏能力弱等特点。鉴于良好的受力性能和有效遵循中国文物保护理念,全长黏结型锚固技术在土遗址力学稳定性控制中得到了较为成功的应用。从最初岩土工程锚固技术的直接应用,逐渐关注杆材、浆液材料、成孔工艺等的研发,先后出现了木锚杆、楠竹锚杆、复合锚杆、土工长丝、GFRP锚杆等杆材以及基于PS溶液、烧料礓石、改性泥浆等锚固浆液;随后开展了相应极限锚固力、杆体-浆体界面力学行为、浆液兼容性的研究,时至今日开始关注基于传统建造材料与工艺科学化挖掘下锚固系统的研发与机制研究。土遗址锚固技术研发正向满足兼容性、力学稳定性、耐久性等文物保护特殊需求下的方向发展。总体论述了土遗址锚固的主要研究成果和最新进展,并对土遗址锚杆的设计、长期工作性能与安全检测、锚杆试验、标准化建设及研究方向提出了意见。更多还原

【Abstract】 The earthen sites,which are one of the significant types of immovable cultural relics in China,possess the characteristics of long history,high value,large quantity,weak resistance to natural and human activities.So far the fully grouted bolts anchorage technology has been comparatively successfully applied in controlling the mechanical stability of earthen sites due to its good mechanical performance as well as effectively following the principles of Chinese preservation of cultural sites.At the beginning,the anchoring technique was directly applied in geotechnical engineering,then the researchers have gradually focused on the research and development of rod material,slurry material,pore forming process,and so on.Therefore,the rod material,such as wood anchor,bamboo anchor,composite anchor,geo-filament anchor and GFRP anchor,as well as the slurry material,which was based on PS solution,calcined ginger nut and modified grout,have appeared successively.Soon afterwards,the corresponding research on the maximum anchoring force,the mechanical behavior of the rod-slurry interface and the compatibility of the slurry were carried out.Up to this day,attention has been paid to the study on R&D and mechanism of anchor system on the scientific basis of traditional construction materials and process.The R&D of anchorage technology of earthen sites is heading for satisfying special needs of preservation of cultural relics including compatibility,mechanical stability,durability and so on.Meanwhile,some opinions are proposed on several key problems,such as the design,long-term working behavior and safety detection,anchorage test,standardization construction,as well as the research direction.更多还原