【作者】 王兵； 孔德义；

【机构】 中国科学院合肥智能机械研究所传感技术联合国家重点实验室； 中国科学技术大学合肥物质研究院；

【摘要】 猫头鹰具有独特的静音飞行特性和高超的飞行姿态控制能力。本文基于猫头鹰翅膀的下表面特征,以用于无人机的某型号旋翼为研究对象,通过在其下表面靠近尾缘的区域内添加表面凸起结构,以改善该旋翼的气动性能和声学性能。本文设计3种仿生旋翼模型,分别具有三角棱柱型、四面体型和流线型凸起结构,采用CFD仿真计算优选最佳仿生模型,进行实验测试与验证,以研究最佳仿生旋翼的气动性能和声学特性,并与原型旋翼进行对比。研究中发现,具有三角棱柱型凸起结构的仿生旋翼兼有较高的升力和较低的噪声,与原型旋翼相比,在转速为3000r/min时,其升力提升了5.2%,噪声最大降低了4d B,其性能要优于其他两种仿生旋翼。本文工作为改善旋翼气动性能、降低旋翼噪声提供了一种有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Owls have a unique silent flight characteristic and superb flight attitude control capability.Based on the lower surface characteristics of owls’ wings,the rotor used on the UAVs was optimized by adding protuberances on the specific area of lower blade surface to improve aerodynamic and acoustic performances.Using CFD method,the best rotor blade model was elected from the three designed bionic models with the structure of triangular prism,tetrahedral and streamline respectively,and was used to test the aerodynamic and acoustic performances,comparing with the prototype rotor.The result shows that the bionic rotor blade with the surface structures of the triangular prism,which is best among the three,has the prior on aerodynamic and acoustic performances than the prototype blade does.Comparing with the prototype rotor,the thrust of the bionic rotor increases by 5.2% at the nominal operating rotating speed of 3000 r/min,and the noise reduces by 4 d B to the maximum extent at the same operating rotating speed.The research provides a method of good potency for the aim of improving aerodynamic performance and reducing the noise of rotor blades.更多还原