【作者】 周平艳； 刘坚； 张彩；

【Author】 Pingyan Zhou;Jian Liu;Cai Zhang;Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality,Beijing Normal University;

【机构】 北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心；

【摘要】 随着网络的迅速发展,小学生网络成瘾问题也在急剧上升。2015年中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心区域项目的大规模调查结果显示,高达17.8%的小学生具有网络成瘾或网络成瘾倾向。过度的使用网络,会对小学生的学习生活产生深远的负面影响,如成绩太差,因学业导致留校察看,甚至退学或被学校开除。因此,小学生网络成瘾现象应该引起足够的关注。但是到现在为止,网络成瘾的形成机制仍不明确。与青少年和成年人网络成瘾的研究规模相比,有关小学生网络成瘾的有效研究还比较少。本研究的目的是通过考察心理弹性是否能够对小学生网络成瘾产生预测作用,从而进一步探讨网络成瘾的形成机制。研究中,有58491名来自中国河南郑州的五年级小学生,参与了2015年9月至10月中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心区域项目的问卷调查。结构方程模型(SEM)分析的结果发现,心理弹性与网络成瘾具有显著的负相关关系。在心理弹性影响网络成瘾的链式中介模型中有三个路径是显著的:1)心理弹性通过同伴关系对儿童网络成瘾产生中介效应,其效应量占总效应量的50.0%;2)心理弹性通过抑郁对儿童网络成瘾产生显著的中介效应,其效应量占总效应量的15.60%;3)心理弹性通过同伴关系和抑郁对网络成瘾产生影响的链式中介效应显著,其效应量占总效应量的13.76%。三条路径总的中介效应量为79.82%,其中心理弹性通过同伴关系对儿童网络成瘾的影响是三个中介路径中最强的。本研究结果表明,心理弹性是能够预测网络成瘾的一个因素。因此,通过改善儿童的心理弹性(如韧性、情绪控制、解决问题能力等),能够有效地缓解儿童的网络成瘾行为。同时,在网络成瘾行为的干预过程中有必要同时评估同伴关系和抑郁情绪等潜在影响因素,对于儿童个体产生网络成瘾行为的作用,尤其是同伴关系质量的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid expansion of internet,internet addiction problems in elementary school students increased sharply.Consistent to previous findings,the current survey showed that up to 17.8%numbers of elementary school students were internet addicts or related with internet addiction tendency.Heavy use of the internet will lead to profound academic problems in elementary school students,such as poor grades,academic probation,and even expulsion from schools.Thus internet addiction phenomenon in elementary school students should arouse sufficient concern.Until now,the cause of internet addiction is still not settled yet.Effective studies of internet addiction in elementary school students are relatively rare compared to that in adolescents and adults.This study was aimed to explore the mechanisms of internet addiction,and to understand whether resilience was a predictor of internet additions in elementary school students.Fifty eight thousand and four hundred ninety one elementary school students from Henan province completed the self-reported questionnaire in basic education monitoring project of China.The results of structural equation model(SEM) showed that resilience was negatively correlated with internet addiction.There were three mediational paths in the mediational model:1) the mediational path through peer relationship with the effect size of 50.0%;2) the mediational path through depression with the effect size of 15.60%;3) the mediational path through peer relationship and depression with the effect size of 13.76%).The total mediational effect size was 79.82%).The effect size through peer relationship was the strongest among the three mediation paths.The current findings suggested that resilience was a predictor of internet addiction.Improving children’s resilience(such as toughness,emotional control,and problem solving) can be an effective way to reduce internet addiction behavior.And the evaluation of the potential underlying factors such as peer relationship and depression are also necessity in the treatment of internet-addicted children,especially the quality of peer relationship.更多还原