【作者】 崔汶； 方鸿志； 范会勇；

【Author】 Wen Cui;Hongzhi Fang;Huiyong Fan;Bohai University college of Education And Sports;

【机构】 渤海大学教育与体育学院；

【摘要】 挫折事件是让大学生产生挫折感的生活事件。挫折事件会导致抑郁,而抑郁是导致自杀的最主要原因之一。抗挫折能力是处理挫折事件的综合能力。抗挫折能力在挫折事件与抑郁之间可能起到中介作用,但尚没有相关研究检验过这个推测。假若这个推测得到证实,那么我们可以找到一种缓解大学生抑郁的新途径,即通过干预抗挫折能力来缓解抑郁。大学生挫折事件量表和大学生抗挫折能力问卷是自编的。挫折事件量表采用五点计分法,0分表示无影响,4分表示有严重的影响,量表包含应对不力、学习困难、家庭变故、创业失败、生活不顺和感情失意六大类。抗挫折能力问卷也采用五点计分,包含自我疏导、人际交往、问题解决、支持寻求、压力承受五个维度。抑郁自评量表是Zung编制的SDS。在本次调查中,挫折事件量表的α系数为0.93、抗挫折能力问卷的α系数为0.94、抑郁自评量表的α系数为0.62。来自全国11所高校的1475名大学生参加了本次调查。211、985高校5所,普通二本3所,三本2所,职业技术学院1所。发放问卷16600份,回收有效问卷1475份,有效率92 1%。其中,男生524人,女生897人,未填写54人;大一543人,大二444人,大三364人,大四58人,未填写66人;文科生519人,理工科812人,术科73人,71人未填写。结果显示,(1)抑郁与大学生抗挫折能力显著负相关,相关系数为-0.228;抑郁与挫折事件显著正相关相关系数为0.266;大学生抗挫折能力与挫折事件呈负相关,相关系数为-0.039。(2)抗挫折能力在挫折事件与抑郁之间起部分中介作用,其效应占总比的3.31%。在本研究条件下,挫折事件、抗挫折能力和大学生抑郁之间有显著相关;大学生抗挫折能力在挫折事件与抑郁之间起部分中介作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Frustration is a life event that makes college students feel frustrated.Frustration events can lead to depression,and depression is one of the most important causes of suicide.Anti-frustration ability is the comprehensive ability to deal with frustration events.Anti-frustration ability may play a mediating role between frustration events and depression,but there is no relevant research to test this speculation.If this speculation is confirmed,we can find a new way to alleviate depression of college students which means that the intervention of anti-frustration ability can alleviate depressions.The scale of College Students’ frustration events and college students’ anti-frustration capability are self developed.Frustration events scale using five points scoring method,0 means no effect,4 points indicates that there is a serious impact.The scale including poor response,learning disabilities,family misfortune,business failures,life and feelings of frustration in six categories.The anti-frustration capability questionnaire using five points scoring method too.The antifrustration capability questionnaire containing self-relief,interpersonal communication,problem-solving,support-seeking and pressure-bearing five dimensions.Self-rating Depression scale(SDS) is created by Zung.In this research,the alpha coefficient of the frustration events scale is 0.93,the alpha coefficient of the anti-frustration ability questionnaire is 0.94,and the alpha coefficient of the SDS is 0.62.11 colleges and universities all over China participated in the survey of which 5 are in "211 projects " and "985 projects".3 are ordinary universities,2 are independent colleges and 1 is a College of Vocational and Technical school.1600 questionnaires were issued,and 1475 questionnaires were returned,the valid rate was 92.1%.Among participants,524 are males,897 are females,and 54 people missed;543 are freshmen,444 are sophomores,364 are juniors and 58 are seniors,and 66 missed;519 are Liberal arts students,812 are science and engineering students,and 73 are technical students,and 71 people missed.Results showed that(1) depression and college students’ anti-frustration ability is significantly negatively correlated,and the correlation coefficient is-0.228;depression and frustration events is significant positive correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.266;the correlation between students’ ability of anti-frustration and frustration event is-0.039.(2) the anti-frustration ability plays a partial mediating role between frustration events and depression,and accounted for 3.31%of the total direct effect.Under the conditions of this study,there is a significant correlation between frustration events,anti-frustration ability and college students’ depression.Anti-frustration ability plays a partial mediating role between frustration events and depression,更多还原