【作者】 顾子贝； 杨昭宁；

【Author】 Gu Zibei;Yang Zhaoning;School of Education Science,Qufu Normal University;

【机构】 曲阜师范大学教育科学学院；

【摘要】 基于具体情绪的决策理论——评价倾向框架理论(ATF),采用两项研究考察负性情绪愤怒和悲伤对助人决策的影响,并探究人际责任归因在这一关系中的作用。两项研究均采用自传体情绪记忆任务诱发情绪,研究一中自变量情绪为组间变量,包括愤怒、悲伤和中性三个水平,助人决策操作为为他人花费时间;研究二中自变量1为组间变量情绪,包括愤怒和悲伤,自变量2为组内变量人际责任归因,操作为模糊、情境和不可控、自身人为和可控三种情境,助人决策操作为为他人花费金钱。结果发现:(1)与愤怒情绪相比,悲伤情绪下个体为他人花费的时间和捐助的金钱更多;(2)在模糊的人际责任归因条件下,悲伤个体会比愤怒个体捐助更多的钱。研究表明:同为负性情绪的愤怒和悲伤在助人决策上有相反的作用,悲伤个体比愤怒个体做出更多的助人决策;人际责任性归因会影响附带情绪和助人决策的关系。研究结论在理解附带情绪对助人决策的影响,发挥人际责任归因在助人情境中的作用上具有一定的现实意义,进一步丰富并延伸了ATF理论的证据和领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 Previous research suggested that emotions had an effect on helping decision making based on the structure of emotional valence, but little research has verified the role of discrete emotions of the same valence. Based on the Appraisal-Tendency Framework(ATF), the current study aimed to examine whether one’s incidental emotions carry over to influence helping decision making and to explore whether negative emotions of the same valence have opposing effects on helping decision making, and further explore the role of the interpersonal attribution of responsibility on these relationships. In the current study, we performed two sub-studies. To explore discrete emotions of the same valence and different appraisal dimensions have different effects on helping decision, study 1 conducted a between-subjects design, participants were randomly assigned to an angry, sad, or neutral conditions, participants were asked to record time spent on others. To further repeatedly confirm study 1 and extend the domain of helping, and to explore whether the interpersonal attribution of responsibility is boundary conditions that discrete emotions influence helping decision, study 2 conducted mixed design of 2(emotions: anger/ sadness) × 3(interpersonal attribution of responsibility: ambiguity/ external situation/ internal self), participants were randomly assigned to an angry or sad condition and made decision about the money spent on others. The current study used the Autobiographical Emotional Memory Task(AEMT) to induce emotions and manipulated helping decision and interpersonal attribution of responsibility by situational task. The interpersonal attribution of responsibility was measured by an 11-point bipolar scale. The Results showed that:(1) Participants spent more time and donated more money for other under the condition of sadness compared to the angry and neutral conditions.(2) Under the conditions of ambiguity situation, sad participants made more decisions for helping compared with angry condition; under the condition of blaming for recipients themselves or situation, and under the condition of control and uncontrol, there was no significant effects between angry and sad conditions on helping decision.(3) Under the sad condition, the money spent for others is most under the condition of external situation, the next under the ambiguity situation, and the least under the condition of blaming for recipients themselves. Under the angry condition, the money spent for others is most under the condition of external situation compared with the conditions of ambiguity and blaming for recipients themselves. In sum, the results reveal the following conclusions:(a) emotions of the same valence and different appraisal dimensions have opposing effects,(b) personal emotions carry over to influence helping decision, sadness associated with strong attributions of situational agency and circumstance-responsibility/ control increased the amount of assistance while anger associated with extreme attributions of human agency and other-responsibility/ control decreased, and(c) interpersonal attribution of responsibility contributes to such effect, under the ambiguous interpersonal attribution of responsibility anger and sadness have an opposing effects on helping decision but not the unambiguous situation. These findings have important implications for understanding the role of incidental emotions play in helping decision and utilizing the role of interpersonal attribution of responsibility.更多还原