【作者】 韩在柱；

【Author】 Zaizhu Han;State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research,Beijing Normal University;

【机构】 北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,IDG/McGovern脑研究中心；

【摘要】 汉语隶属于部件语言,它与拼音语言(如英语)在形、音、义等方面存在本质不同。相应地,汉语与拼音语言在神经机制方面也有所差异。前人已经发现参与汉语加工的脑区包括颞叶、顶叶和额叶,构成了一个分布式网络。但是,汉语加工的脑白质基础很少被研究,至今尚未清楚哪些白质纤维束参与了汉语的形、音、义加工。为了揭示汉语形、音、义加工对应的脑白质基础,我们分析了脑损伤病人(脑中风、脑外伤、语义性痴呆)的白质纤维束完整性与汉语形、音、义障碍程度的相关性。白质纤维束完整性主要采用了两个测量指标:纤维束的损伤百分比、各向异性平均分。形、音、义障碍程度采用了相应的认知行为任务成绩。结果发现,形、音、义障碍程度与不同白质纤维束的完整性显著相关。而且,当控制了一系列混淆变量后(如全脑损伤程度、总体的认知损伤水平、脑损伤类型、灰质的效应),这些相关性依然显著。由此分别构建起了汉语形、音、义加工的因果性白质网络。这三个方面的网络既有重叠也有分离。这不仅构建起了汉语的脑白质网络,同时也为汉语障碍的诊断提供了一定的科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese language, a logographic language, is intrinsically different from alphabetic languages in various aspects including orthography, phonology and semantics. Accordingly, Chinese language is associated with distinctive language-specific neural basis. Previous studies have revealed that Chinese language is processed in the widely distributed network whose gray matter regions include temporal, parietal and frontal cortices. However the anatomical connections associated with Chinese language are not well understood. In Chinese-speaking patients with brain damage, we separately tested the relationship between the integrity of white matter tracts and the presence of orthographic, phonological and semantic deficits. The integrity of white matter tracts was measured by the percentages of lesion voxels obtained in structural imaging and mean fractional anisotropy values obtained in diffusion tensor imaging. Orthographic, phonological and semantic deficits were assessed by corresponding cognitive tasks. We found different white matter tracts whose lesion volume percentages and fractional anisotropy values significantly correlated with severity of impairment in orthography, phonology and semantics. These results reconstructed causal structural network associated with processing of Chinese language. It also provides insights into the identification of Chinese aphasia.更多还原