【作者】 孔焕君； 杨小洋；

【Author】 Kong Huan-jun;Yang Xiaoyang;Department of psychology,Sun Yat-sen University;

【机构】 中山大学心理学系；

【摘要】 幽默是一种微妙且复杂的心理现象,以往研究中对于幽默的界定至少可分为产品、人格、过程三个类型,而其中基于人格和认知过程而开展的幽默研究相对更加突出。无论基于何种定义,幽默均因其在人际交往过程中对其他心理现象所起到的积极作用而受到人们的普遍欢迎。与此同时,许多前人研究业已表明,创造力作为一种高级认知过程以及社会发展的源动力之一,它与幽默之间也存在着千丝万缕的联系。具体而言,前人关于幽默与创造力的关系研究已经形成三方面的基本共识:第一,幽默和创造力之间确实存在关系。第二,新近对于幽默和创造力关系的研究范围很广,但仍然缺乏不同类型的幽默刺激以及幽默应答对创造力作用的研究。第三,当幽默刺激材料的类型发生变化时,情绪是否能中介幽默刺激对创造力的作用,前人研究未能完全回答该问题。本研究基于Ruch提出的双模式模型理论,通过两个实验探究不同类型幽默刺激和幽默应答对创造力的作用,并试图厘清情绪在其间是否会起到中介作用。实验一以中学生为被试,主要探究不同类型的幽默刺激和应答对于创造力的作用;实验二以大学生为被试,在实验一的基础上增加了对被试阅读幽默刺激材料之后情绪唤起情况的测量,以探究情绪在幽默对创造力作用路径中的角色。结果发现:(1)对于中学生被试,幽默类型和应答均能显著影响创造力,主要表现在两个方面。第一,失谐解困类型的幽默刺激能显著提高被试的创造力;第二,和中性应答相比,喜欢应答和厌恶应答都能促进创造力。(2)对于大学生被试则只发现失谐未解幽默对创造力具有显著促进作用。(3)两个实验都没有发现性幽默对于创造力的作用,这一结果说明并不是所有类型的幽默都能促进创造力。(4)本研究未能证明情绪中介幽默对创造力的作用。研究最后对于上述结果进行了解释,并对研究的不足和未来研究的发展方向提出了意见。更多还原

【Abstract】 Humor, a subtle and complex psychological phenomenon, is defined in at least three different perspectives, which are product, personality, and process. The researches focus on personality and cognitive process of humor are more prominent than those of other trends. No matter which definition is adopted, humor is popular because of the positive effect it has on other psychological phenomenon. Meanwhile, creativity, the driving force of social development and a high level of cognitive process, has been proved to have a tangible relationship with humor. Specifically, the consensus is reached in three ways: first, creativity and humor do have relationship; second, though the range of research is wide, the effect of different type and response of humor on creativity is still remain to be answered; third, when the stimulus materiel of humor is changed, can emotion mediate the relationship between humor and creativity? This problem still needs further investigation. Two experiments were set to explore the effects basing on Ruch’s two-mode model and try to find out the influence of emotion on that effect. Recruiting participants from middle school, experiment 1 explored the effect of different type and response of humor on creativity. In experiment 2, we measured the arousal level of emotion, and try to find out the role of it in the effect which is explored in experiment 1. The results showed that: 1) For middle school students, we found that the types of humor and response style combine together to affect creativity performance; on the one hand, INC-RES humor can significantly improve creativity; on the other hand, compared with neutral response, both enjoy and disgust response facilitate creativity. 2) For the undergraduates, we only found that NON humor can significantly improve creativity. 3) Neither experiment found SEX humor enhance creativity performance, which told us not all types of humor facilitate creativity. 4) The mediating role of emotion in the relationship between humor and creativity were not been confirmed in the present study. Several explanations for the findings were proposed, limitations and implications for future research were discussed.更多还原