【作者】 黄俊； 李晔； 李哲；

【Author】 Huang Jun;Li Ye;Li Zhe;Psychology College Of Central China Normal University;

【机构】 华中师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 解释水平是指个体对于事件或事物的抽象表征程度,抽象程度高即高解释水平,抽象程度低即低解释水平。解释水平的高低会影响个体的判断、评估、决策等认知活动。本研究意在探讨解释水平对于公平判断、公平行为意愿的影响机制,即高解释水平被试,在公平判断和抉择时是否会更遵循公平原则和价值观,进而做出更为严格的公平判断,表现出更多的公平行为。研究一有两个子研究,分别探究在公平情境和不公平情境下,高低解释水平被试的公平判断差异。两个子研究结果发现,高解释水平操纵下的被试在公平和不公平两种情境下,判断都较为严格,即公平事件判断为更公平(F(1,106)=5.696,p=0.019(27)0.05),不公平事件判断为更不公平(F(1,113)=17.395,p(27)0.001);而低解释水平操纵下的被试则较为宽松。研究二探究的是高低解释水平下的公平抉择差异,采用的是情境故事法,有效被试104人,结果发现,高解释水平组的被试,公平行为意愿显著高于低解释水平组(F(1,103)=7.336,p=0.008(27)0.01),同时,女性的公平行为意愿要高于男性(F(1,103)=11.267,p=0.001(27)0.01)。在此基础上,研究三探讨当解释水平作为一种特质时,对于公平行为意愿的影响,采用的是问卷法,问卷包含两部分,第一部分为解释水平程度测量,采用的是Vallacher和Wegner(1989)的行为识别量表(Behavior Identification Form),第二部分则沿用研究二的情境故事,被试为200人,结果发现女性的解释水平要高于男性(F(1,199)=4.438,p=0.036(27)0.01),并且,高解释水平被试的公平行为意愿高于低解释水平被试(F(1,199)=6.673,p=0.011(27)0.05)。经过中介效应分析,选择时被试所关注的要素(公平原则或具体的情境)在解释水平与公平行为意愿之间起中介作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Construal level denotes the abstract degree of representation of affairs, the high abstract representation is high construal level, the low abstract representation is low construal level. The construal level affect people’s cognition, for instance: judgement, evaluation, decision etc. This article intends to survey the mechanism that construal level affect fairness judgement and behavior, in other words, we want to find that if the participants with high construal level will obey the fairness value or not, when they make fairness judgement or decision. The study 1 has 2 affiliated surveies,which are fairness context and unfairness context respectively, both this 2 affiliated surveies show that, high construal level participants make more strict judgements than low construal level participants, that is to say, the judgement of fairness context is more fair(F(1,106)=5.696, p=0.019(27)0.05), while the judgement of unfairness context is more unfair(F(1,113)=17.395, p(27)0.001). The study 2 use the scenario story to survey the decision differences under the construal level prime, the effective data is 104, we found that, participants with high construal level show more fairness behavior intention than participants with low construal level(F(1,103)=7.336, p=0.008(27)0.01), otherwise, we found that women show more fairness behavior intention than man(F(1,103)=11.267, p=0.001(27)0.01). Based on it, we survey the influence that construal level to fairness behavior intention when it as a trait through study 3, we use the Behavior Identification Form(Vallacher & Wegner, 1989) and the scenario in the study 2, the result from 200 participants show that, woman’s construal level is higher than man(F(1,199)=4.438, p=0.036(27)0.01), besides it, we found that participants with high construal level have more fairness behavior intention than participants with low construal level(F(1,199)=6.673, p=0.011(27)0.05). Through the mediation analyze, we found that, the factors which participants focus on(fairness value or concrete context), mediate the construal level and fairness behavior intention.更多还原