【作者】 陈浩； 乐国安；

【Author】 Hao Chen;Guo-an Yue;Department of Social Psychology, Nankai University;

【机构】 南开大学社会心理学系；

【摘要】 毋庸置疑,大数据正在深刻影响和改变人类的科学研究活动,社会心理学也不例外。近几年,社会心理学大数据研究渐次涌现。不同于传统的问卷或量表调查法、实验室研究法,互联网所记录的有关人类思想和行为的海量真实生态数据,以及相应抓取和分析技术,为社会心理学家更真实深入地理解人类心理和行为规律带来了重要契机,由此也应运而生了计算社会科学和心理信息学等交叉研究领域。在包括社会心理学大数据研究在内的整个大数据研究繁荣景象之下,一些学界学者开始就其学术价值提出质疑。譬如,大数据研究过于偏重数据驱动,缺乏理论对话;重视相关性,无视或回避因果性,所获结果理论贡献不大等。我们认为,社会生态取向心理学可将社会心理学大数据研究,首先从这场质疑和尴尬中拯救出来,为社会心理学大数据研究提供直接有力的理论分析框架。社会生态取向心理学是最近10年出现的心理学新研究视角。与关注当下近因情境的传统社会心理学,以及关注悠长远因的进化社会心理学都不同,社会生态取向心理学关注当下远因因素的心理学价值。它将社会学宏观结构视角重新拉回社会心理学分析框架,关注政治、经济、社会、文化、地理、气候气温等社会或生态环境,对于个体心理和行为模式的作用,并将动态时空观纳入考量尺度。反观心理学现阶段主流研究取向,愈加向内生长,求诸大脑神经或基因上的还原论探究。而社会生态取向心理学则反向向外,寻找新的学术生长空间,关注社会或生态环境对于人心的塑形力量。大数据带来的有关个体或群体的各类非结构化生态数据,以及来自不断表达和行动的行动者身处的或近身或旷远的真实环境信息,注定要为社会生态取向心理学有关"人与社会生态之间关系"的一系列理论命题,提供源源不断的丰富证据。而社会生态心理学理论取向,则必将助推社会心理学大数据研究走向更远的理论价值应许之地。更多还原

【Abstract】 There is no doubt that big data is profoundly affecting and changing the scientific research activities of human beings, social psychology is no exception. In recent years, the research of social psychology data gradually emerged. Different from the traditional questionnaire or scale study and laboratory investigation, massive real ecological data of human thought and behavior recorded by the Internet, as well as the corresponding grasping and analysis techniques has brought an important opportunity for social psychologists to understand human’s mental and behavioral patterns. This is also emerge some interdisciplinary research field such as computational science and psychology information science. Under the prosperity of the whole big data research, including big data research in social psychology, some scholars begin to question the academic value. For example, the research of big data is too much emphasis on data driven, lack of theoretical dialogue; attention to the relevance, ignoring or avoiding the causality, the results of the theoretical contribution is not so much. We believe that the social psychology of ecological orientation can be a big data research. Firstly, we save the query and embarrassment, and provide a theoretical analysis frame for the research of social psychology. Social ecological psychology is a new research perspective of psychology in the last 10 years. Different from traditional social psychology which focus on the present proximate situation and evolutionary social psychology which pay more attention to the long distal, social ecological orientation of psychology is concerned with the current background factors of psychological value. It is a framework for the analysis of social psychology from the perspective of macro structure of sociology, pay attention to the role of politics, economy, society, culture, geography, climate, temperature and other social or ecological environment for the individual’s psychological and behavioral patterns, and put the dynamic time and space view into consideration scale. In contrast, the mainstream psychology research orientation at the present stage grew more inward, to explore the reduction theory of the brain nerve or gene. And ecological orientation of social psychology is the reverse outward, looking for new academic growth space, focus on social and ecological environment for the shaping force of people’s hearts and minds. All kinds of non structured ecological data of individual or group brought by big data, and information from the continuous expression and actions of the actors in the melee or remote real environment, doomed to provide a steady stream of evidence to a series of social and ecological psychology related "relationship between human and social ecology" theoretical propositions. And it is the social ecological psychology theory that will boost social psychology research to further the theoretical value of the promised land.更多还原