【作者】 王洋； 蔡凌； Todd Jackson；

【Author】 Yang Wang;Ling Cai;Todd Jackson;School of Psychology,Southwest University;Department of Psychology,University of Glasgow;

【机构】 西南大学心理学部； 格拉斯哥大学心理学系；

【摘要】 将疼痛评价为潜在的威胁或者组织损伤降低忍耐伤害性刺激的能力,并且影响管理疼痛的策略。然而,将疼痛评价为挑战或潜在的机会对身体功能的影响还知之甚少。为探讨这个问题,本研究将112名健康大学女生被试随机分为挑战组、威胁组和控制组三组。挑战组被试阅读一段具有导向性的信息,该信息指出在挑战任务中坚持的能力能够预测未来的成功。而威胁组被试阅读另一段信息,警告他们长时间将手放在冷水中可能会造成冻伤及冻伤的恶果。控制组被试阅读有关受冷测试(CPT)安全性的信息。阅读信息之后,三组被试完成受冷测试。方差分析结果表明,挑战组的女性比威胁组和控制组的女性都表现出显著更长的疼痛忍耐时间。同时,挑战组的女性在受冷测试中,表现出较少的对疼痛灾难化认知,而更多的使用应对自我陈述和忽略等认知应对策略。相关分析的结果表明,被试的自我报告的挑战评价与疼痛忍耐时间和认知应对策略呈显著的正相关,而与疼痛灾难化呈显著负相关。最后,路径分析的结果表明,灾难化和认知应对策略完全中介被试自我报告挑战评价与疼痛忍耐时间的关系。被试的挑战评价预测了较低的疼痛灾难化和较高的认知应对策略,而较低的疼痛灾难化和较高的认知应对策略则与更长的疼痛忍耐时间相联系。在控制了疼痛灾难化和认知应对对疼痛忍耐时间的效应后,挑战评价与疼痛忍耐时间的联系不再显著。挑战评价显著地影响了忍耐疼痛能力以及应对疼痛的策略。这一发现有助于促进今后对疼痛评价的进一步研究,尤其是为疼痛管理的对抗性取向研究打下了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Appraising pain as a source of potential threat or tissue damage reduces the capacity to bear nociceptive stimulation and influences strategies used to manage pain but little is known about causal effects of appraisals of pain as a source of challenge or potential opportunity on functioning. To address this issue, 112 university-age women were randomly assigned to a challenge appraisal condition in which they read an orienting passage highlighting how perseverance at challenging tasks is a powerful predictor of future life success, a "higher threat" appraisal condition in which they read orienting information warning them about symptoms and consequences of frostbite, or a "lower threat" control condition in which they read about the safety of the cold pressor test the CPT before engaging in the task. Between-groups analyses revealed women exposed to the challenge passage had higher pain tolerance than women in threat condition. Challenged women also reported significantly less catastrophizing as well as more coping self-statements and ignoring than women in other groups in managing cold pressor pain. Correlation results indicated that subjective challenge appraisal was positively correlated with pain tolerance and cognitive coping strategies, while negatively correlated with catastrophizing.Finally, within the entire sample, the link between subjective challenge appraisals and pain tolerance was fully mediated by catastrophizing and cognitive coping while subjective threat appraisals were not related to tolerance. Subjective challenge appraisals predicted reduced catastrophizing and enhanced cognitive coping strategies. Reduced catastrophizing and enhanced cognitive coping strategies, in turn, were associated with enhanced pain tolerance. After controlling for the effects of catastrophizing and cognitive coping, the association between challenge appraisals and pain tolerance was no longer significant. Challenge appraisals of pain may have significant causal effects on the capacity to bear pain and strategies endorsed to cope with pain. Finding bolster the need for further work on pain appraisals underlying confrontative approaches to pain management.更多还原