【作者】 张琛； 厉飞飞； 杨昭宁；

【Author】 zhang Chen;Li Feifei;Yang Zhaoning;School of Educational Science,Qufu Normal University;School of Educational Science,Yancheng Teachers University;

【机构】 曲阜师范大学教育科学学院； 盐城师范大学教育科学学院；

【摘要】 说谎,是一种普遍存在的社会现象,在日常生活中人们常会因为考虑他人或自身的利益说出一些恶意或善意的谎言。人们平均每天至少会说一到两次谎话。本研究试图通过事件相关电位(ERP)来研究说谎认知,旨在通过图形材料和ERP技术进行说谎认知实验:图形材料为测查说谎的实验材料;反应时和正确率作为鉴别谎言的行为数据指标。该研究以16名大学生为研究对象,采用实验室研究方法,人为地规定被试说谎或说真,以被试的反应时及正确率为因变量,深入探讨说谎与说真的行为数据和脑电数据的差异,为揭示说谎认知过程是如何进行的实验做数据参考,并探索说谎心理现象发生的神经机制。结果发现:(1)行为数据分析表明:说谎话比说真话需要更多的时间,难度也更大;图片与现实的情况不一致时,被试需要更多的时间作出判断;实验数据表明,任务类型和图片性质的主效应显著,是否说谎和图片是否与现实生活一致都会影响被试的反应情况;(2)ERPs数据分析发现:早期成分波形基本相似,大部分所选电极都诱发P1和N200成分;晚期成分走向则略有不同,大部分电极都诱发了P300成分,此外,除了顶区,其他四个的脑区均在500ms之前诱发了一个负向的成分。综上所述,说谎和说真任务存在差异,图片不一致比图片一致的情况增加了辨别的时间,所以反应时也有所增加,说明说谎比说真包含了更多的认知加工过程,需要更多的认知负荷。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lying is a kind of common social phenomenon and people often say some malicious or white lie becauce of the interests of others or themselves in their daily life. People lies one or two times a day at least on average. This study attempts to study the lying cognitive using graphic material and ERP technology. The test materials is the pictures and reaction time and accuracy are behavior data indicators to identify a lie. The study adopts the method of laboratory using the reaction time and accuracy of the participants as the dependent variable with 16 college students as the subjects.The researcher requires the subjects to lie or say truth, and explore the different impact of action and EEG, the process of lying cognitive experiment and the neural mechanisms of lying psychological phenomenon The results showed that :(1) Behavior data analysis:Lying process toke more time, and also was more difficult; Moreover, the subjects need more time to make a judgement when they saw the picture which described different situations from real life;(2) ERPs data analysis: The early component waveform was basically similar and most of the selected electrode evoked P1 and N200 components; Late components were slightly different and most electrodes were evoked P300 components. Moreover, the other four brain regions were evoked a negative component before 500 ms without the top region, To sum up, the differences of lie and say truth task really exist. The react time increases because, compared with consistent condition of pictures, inconsistent one adds identification process of the time. It indicats that lying contains more cognitive processes, and need more cognitive load than saying truth.更多还原