【作者】 李晓岳； 高峰强； 朱新立； 王芳； 田雨； 胡杰； 王鹏；

【Author】 Xiaoyue Li;Fengqiang Gao;Xinli Zhu;Fang Wang;Yu Tian;Jie Hu;Peng Wang;School of Psychology,Shan Dong Normal University;

【机构】 山东师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 目的探究我国高校教师工作压力的群体类型。方法采用分层整群随机取样的方法,从22所中国高校中选取1988名高校教师为研究对象,使用原创的《高校教师工作压力量表》等工具对高校教师进行测量。运用快速聚类的方式得到高校教师工作压力的分类模型。结果根据工作压力的特点,我国高校教师可以分为六种异质性的群体类型:偏高工作压力型、任务相关压力型、偏低工作压力性、人际相关压力型、极低工作压力型、极高工作压力型。不同工作压力类型的高校教师在工作倦怠和工作满意度上的得分呈现不同的特点。不同工作压力类型的高校教师在性别、学校类型以及离职意向上的分布有显著差异。结论一般来说,极高工作压力型的教师群体会得到最大的关注,而中等程度工作压力的教师群体得到的关注较少。然而,中等程度工作压力的教师群体却出现了进一步的细化(任务相关压力型与人际相关压力型)。与欧美国家的高校教师相比,我国处于任务相关压力的高校教师比处于人际相关压力的高校教师会表现出更多的压力相关后果。因此,学校管理人员应该着重关注任务相关压力型的高校教师群体。这种高校教师工作压力的分类模型可以为有针对性地开展高校教师压力管理与心理救援提供直接性的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study group types of job stress in university teachers in China. Methods Through stratified cluster random sampling, 1988 teachers from 22 Chinese colleges and universities were surveyed using the indigenously developed University Teachers’ Job Stress Scale and other tools. K-means clustering was used to obtain the classification model of job stress for university teachers. Results According to job stress characteristics, Chinese university teachers were classified into six significantly heterogeneous groups: relatively high stress, task-related stress, relatively low stress, interpersonal-related stress, extremely low stress, and extremely high stress. The average job burnout and job satisfaction scores of the different groups exhibited varying features. The distributions of gender, university type, and turnover intention significantly differed among the groups. Conclusion In general, the extremely high stress group should be the most concerned, whereas university teachers with mid-level stress merit less attention. However, the medium-stress group was further subdivided. Compared with their contemporaries in European countries and the United States, Chinese university teachers under task-related stress have more stress-related consequences than those of university teachers under interpersonal-related stress. University administrators should focus on university teachers under task-related stress. This classification model offers direct references for the stress management and psychological aid of university teachers.更多还原