【作者】 杨军； 黄淑娥； 曹娜； 张崇华； 王尚明；

【Author】 Yang Jun;Huang Shu-e;Cao Na;Zhang Chonghua;Wang Shangming;Jiangxi Institute of Meteorological Science,Jiangxi Meteorological Bureau;Agro-Meteorological Center of Jiangxi Province;Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Education,College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University;Agro-meteorological Experiment Station of Jiangxi Province;

【机构】 江西省气象局/江西省气象科学研究所； 江西省农业气象中心； 江西农业大学农学院/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室； 江西省农业气象试验站；

【摘要】 该文研究降温期灌水和叶面喷施磷酸二氢钾对早稻产量的影响。以杂交早稻‘淦鑫203’为材料进行分期播种,于2014~2015年气温下降期,开展灌水3~4 cm水层、8~10 cm水层、8~10 cm水层夜灌日排(分别记为T1、T2、T3)和叶面喷施0.1%、0.3%、0.5%浓度的磷酸二氢钾(KH2PO4)(分别记为T4、T5、T6)的试验处理,以稻田0~1 cm水层为对照,研究不同处理对早稻产量构成的影响。结果表明:降温期灌水和叶面喷施KH2PO4有利于提高早稻的SPAD值、光合速率和产量。分蘖期灌水提高单株有效分蘖数、每穗总粒数和结实率以增加产量,穗分化期灌水通过提高每穗总粒数和结实率增产,而穗分化期叶面喷施KH2PO4则提高每穗总粒数、结实率和千粒重以增产。早稻灌水增产效果排序为:T3>T2>T1>CK,叶面喷施KH2PO4为:T5>T6>T4>CK。研究结果可为水稻高产稳产栽培及低温冷害防御提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of irrigation and spraying foliar potassium dihydrogen phosphate on early rice yield was studied during the temperature drop period.Hybrid early rice ‘Ganxin203’ was used to sow at different phases,the irrigations（irrigation water layer 3⁴ cm,water layer 8¹0 cm,and water layer 8¹0 cm for night-irrigation and day-drainage,named T1,T2,T3） and spraying foliar fertilizers（spraying 0.1%,0.3%,0.5% KH2PO4,named T4,T5,and T6 respectively） were conducted during the temperature drop period in 2014 and 2015.The paddy field with 0¹ cm water layer was the control（CK）,and the effects of different treatments on yield components of early rice were processed.The results showed that irrigation and spraying foliar KH₂PO₄ could improve SPAD value,photosynthetic rate,and yield of early rice during the temperature drop period.Irrigation at tillering stage increased effective panicles per plant,spikelets per panicle,spikelets fertility to increase the yield,and the irrigation at panicle differentiation stage was by increasing spikelets per panicle and spikelets fertility.Spraying foliar KH₂PO₄ increased spikelets per panicle,spikelets fertility,1000-grain weight,and yield at panicle differentiation stage.The order of effects of irrigation in early rice was as follows:T3> T2> T1> CK,while T5> T6 > T4> CK for spraying foliar KH₂PO₄.The results can provide the basis for the high-and stable-yield cultivation and low-temperature stress defense of rice.更多还原