【作者】 郭建文； 李冬梅； 田新会； 杜文华；

【Author】 GUO Jian-wen;LI Dong-mei;TIAN Xin-hui;DU Wen-hua;College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education/Sino-U.S.Centers for Sustainable Development of Grassland And Animal Husbandry;

【机构】 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续研究中心；

【摘要】 本试验通过对小黑麦(Triticale)品系P1和P2有性杂交得到的F1代群体进行田间表型鉴定及ISSR遗传多样性分析,以期为杂种鉴定和基因型多态性分析奠定基础。结果表明:(1)66个杂交F1代单株中14个单株为假杂种,52个单株为真杂种,其中5个单株无主茎、未结实,1个单株生长后期死亡;(2)46株真杂种的株高、分蘖数、有效分蘖数、穗长、小穗数、穗粒数和穗粒重均超过双亲,具有显著的杂种优势;(3)14对ISSR引物对46个真杂种扩增的多态性条带百分率平均为61.19%,其中UBC822多态性条带百分率为100%,UBC808和UBC815的多态性条带百分率均为75%。F1代群体和父母本的遗传相似系数为0.62-0.94,说明杂交后代产生了丰富的遗传变异。(4)聚类分析表明,在阈值0.748处,将杂交F1代群体和父母本分为3大类,第1类群包括1份材料(父本,P1),第2类群包括1份材料(母本,P2),第3类包括46个杂交F1代单株;杂交F1代与父母本的遗传距离较远,先与母本聚为1类,最后与父本聚为1类,说明46个杂交F1代均偏向母本。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this experiment,the hybrid F1 generation of new triticale lines P1 and P2 were used to do the phenotype identification in the field and ISSR polymorphism analysis.This study will establish foundation to the hybrid identification and genotype polymorphism analysis.The results showed that,(1) among 66 F1 plants,14 plants were not hybrids,5 had no stem and seed and 1 died;(2) parameters including plant height,the number of tillers and effective tillers,spike length,and the number of spikelet,seeds and grain weight per spike for the F1 generation exceeded their parents and had obvious heterosis;(3) the amplification percentage was 61.19% for 46 F1 generation while using 14 ISSR primers,among which,amplification percentage was 75% for the primer 808 and 815 and for the primer 822,it was 100%.For 46 hybrid F1 generation and their parents,the genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.62 to 0.94,which fully proved that the hybrid offspring produced abundant genetic variation;(4) cluster analysis showed that the hybrid F1 generation and their parents were divided into 3 categories at the GS=0.748,which were male,female and their F1 generation,respectively.The F1 generation was firstly clustered with the female and then with the male,which demonstrated that the F1 population of triticale had closer relationship with the female parents.更多还原