【作者】 李慧杰； 孟亚利； 胡伟； 王友华； 陈兵林； 周治国；

【Author】 Li Huijie;Meng Yali;Hu Wei;Wang Youhua;Chen Binglin;Zhou Zhiguo;Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management,Ministry of Agriculture/Nanjing Agricultural University;

【机构】 南京农业大学/农业部作物生理生态与生产管理重点实验室；

【摘要】 为研究低磷环境下棉花产量品质形成机理提供理想的试验材料,选用16个棉花品种,于2015—2016年进行了棉花苗期低磷胁迫营养液基质培养及重复试验,改良Hoagland营养液设置0.01、1 mmol·L^-1KH₂PO₄ 2个处理,以各项指标胁迫系数隶属函数值和总隶属函数值为依据,比较了16个棉花品种苗期的磷素敏感性,并进行聚类分析。结果表明:棉花单株叶面积、地上部生物量和单株磷积累量这3项指标响应高低磷环境的相对变化值对棉花品种的磷素敏感性具有较好的指示效果。棉花的磷素敏感性在品种间表现不同:豫早棉9110、鲁36和山东K836-1是在2次试验中表现稳定的耐低磷型品种,表现稳定且中等耐低磷的品种有旱农棉早1号、德0720和山东K836-2,表现稳定但不耐低磷的品种有鲁54和华棉3109,其中低磷敏感型品种鲁54与耐低磷型品种豫早棉9110的苗期生理指标差异最显著。以鲁54和豫早棉9110为材料,于2016年进行大田盆栽验证试验,设置5个施磷量（P₂O₅）水平:0、50、100、150、200kg·hm^-2。结果表明:2个品种在收获期叶生物量、生殖器官生物量、整株生物量、铃重、衣分、皮棉产量、纤维长度和马克隆值上存在极显著的差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 To provide ideal materials for studying the effect of low-phosphorus tolerance in cotton yield and quality,16 cotton cultivars were tested both under sand culture and its repeat experiment at 0.01 mmol·L^-1and 1 mmol·L^-1 phosphorus concentration,and a cluster analysis was made according to the subjection values of low-phosphorus stress coefficient of multi-indices and the sum subjection value.It was observed that the relative changed value of leaf area,aboveground biomass and total phosphorus accumulation in a plant were identified as the best indicators to evaluate the cottons ability for low-phosphorus tolerance in seedling stage.The low-phosphorus tolerance differed with cultivar.Among the 16 cultivars,the Yuzaomian 9110,Lu 36 and K836-1 were steadily low-phosphorus tolerance,the Hannongmianzao 1,De 0720 and K836-2 were steadily and moderately low-phosphorus tolerance,while the Lu 54 and Huamian 3109 were steadily low-phosphorus sensitive.Moreover,two cotton cultivars,Lu 54 and Yuzaomian 9110,had the most significant difference in physiological indicators,yield and quality,which were verified in the field experiment with different phosphorus（P₂O₅） fertilizer rates(0,50,100,150,200 kg·hm^-2) in 2016.更多还原