【作者】 李佳； 罗慧敏； 何秋毅； 闫佳佳； 陈杰； 陈孝；

【Author】 LI Jia;Luo Hui-min;He Qiu-yi;Yan Jia-jia;CHEN Jie;CHEN Xiao;Dept. of Pharmacy,the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University;School of Pharmaceutical Science,Sun Yat-sen University;Dept of Pharmacological Science,Medical School of Sun-Yat-sen University;

【机构】 中山大学附属第一医院药学部； 中山大学药学院； 中山大学中山医学院药理学教研室；

【摘要】 目的:对老年住院患者使用利奈唑胺的安全性进行分析,并探讨不良反应发生规律。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,选取广州市某三甲医院2014年1月~2015年12月使用利奈唑胺注射剂或片剂的老年患者病例,统计不良反应发生情况。结果:共纳入有效病例126例(65~94岁),使用利奈唑胺的平均时间为9.47±6.31天(范围1~35天)。用药后出现不良反应的有45例(35.71%),其中血小板减少39例(30.95%),白细胞减少9例(7.14%),血红蛋白减少7例(5.55%),恶心、呕吐6例(4.76%),转氨酶升高4例(3.17%),腹泻4例(3.17%),乳酸性酸中毒2例(1.59%),皮疹2例(1.59%),药物热1例(0.79%)。ICU患者血小板减少症的发生率明显高于非ICU患者(P=0.035),但不同剂型间的发生率无明显差异(P=0.537)。结论:临床医师和药师应该对使用利奈唑胺的老年患者密切监护,警惕不良反应的发生,尤其是ICU患者,血小板减少发生率较高,另外治疗过程中建议常规监测血清乳酸水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety of linezolid(LZD) for elderly patients, and probe into the regularity of adverse reaction(ADR) by LZD. METHODS:A retrospective study was performed in elderly patients treated with LZD injection or tablets between January 2014 and December 2015 at a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou. The ADRs induced by LZD were analyzed. RESULTS:In total, 126 patients were included(65-94 years old),and the mean duration of treatment was 9.47±6.31 days(range 1~35 days). In 45 cases(35.71%) observed ADR after medication, 39 suffered from thrombocytopenia(30.95%), white blood cell reduced in 9 cases(7.14%), hemoglobin decreased in 7 cases(5.55%), 6 of nausea and vomiting(4.76%),4 of transaminase elevation(3.17%), 4 of diarrhea(3.17%),2 of lactic acidosis(1.59%), 2 of skin rash(1.59%),and 1 of drug fever(0.79%). The incidence of thrombocytopenia in patients with ICU was significantly higher than that in non-ICU(P=0.035), but there was no statistical significance between different dosage forms(P=0.537). CONCLUSIONS:Clinicians and pharmacists should closely monitor the application of LZD for elderly patients, pay more attention to ADR induced by LZD, especially in ICU, research shows that it has high rate of thrombocytopenia.Meanwhile, we suggest checking serum lactate concentrations regularly.更多还原