【作者】 宁书菊； 韩娜； 林文津； 魏道智；

【Author】 NING Shu-Ju;HAN Na;LIN Wen-Jin;WEI Dao-Zhi;College of Crop Science,Fujian agriculture and forestry University;School of life science,Fujian agriculture and forestry University;

【机构】 福建农林大学作物科学学院； 福建农林大学生命科学学院；

【摘要】 桔梗是一味药食同源的大宗药材,福建是南桔梗适栽的区域之一。为了探讨密度对其生长生理特性的影响,设计了5个密度栽培实验,考察了茎高、根长、根粗等生长指标、光合色素和光合特性、氮磷钾吸收分布情况和有效成分桔梗总皂苷含量。结果表明密度处理显著影响单株桔梗茎高、根长、根粗发育,单株干重、光合色素含量、净光合速率、水分蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO₂浓度以及桔梗总皂苷含量。高密度条件下,单株发育较差,其生长生理指标显著下降,低密度条件下,单株发育良好,生长生理指标及总皂苷含量较高,但单位面积生物产量较低;植株对氮、磷的吸收趋势一致,生育前、中期吸收逐渐增加,中期达到吸收高峰,后期逐渐降低,前期主要分布在叶片、茎中,中期分布在花果比例较大,后期转移至根部,密度与单株吸收量成反比;相比氮、磷吸收,桔梗对于钾的吸收量较小,前后生育期在体内分布趋势相似,中期分布均衡,密度对钾的吸收、分布无显著性影响。综合生物产量和药用部位产量及药效成分含量考虑,闽北、中部地区南桔梗的种植密度在49.5-45.0万株/hm²左右为宜。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Platycodon grandiflorum is belong to the common bulk medicinal material which is the homology of medicine and food,theFujian is one of the suitable areas for South Platycodon grandiflorum.ln order to the understand effect of density on growth physiological characteristics,the 5 density cultivation experiments were cut out,the Shoot height,the root length,the root diameter,the photosynthetic pigments,the photosynthetic characteristics,the absorption and distribution of the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,the contents of total effective components of Platycodon grandiflorum were investigated.The results showed that the density treatment had a significantly affects on the stem height,root length,root diameter growth,plant dry weight,contents of photosynthetic pigment,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO₂ concentration and the total saponin content.In high density,plant growth was poorer,the growth physiological indexes decreased significantly,in low density,plant grow and development well,the growth and physiological index and total saponin content was higher,but the biomass per unit area was in low.the absorb trend of nitrogen and phosphorus in Platycodon grandiflorum were same,the absorption increased gradually in early and middle development stage,and reached absorption peak at middle stage,later gradually reduced,mainly distributed in leaves and stems at early stage,large proportion in fruit and flower at middle stage,later transferred to the root,the density is inversely proportional to the amount of absorption per plant.Compared with the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus,the uptake of potassium by Platycodon grandiflorum was lesser,and the distribution tendency at early and later stage was similar between three elements,the distribution in every organ was balanced at stage,and the density had no significant influence on the absorption and distribution of potassium.Considering the biomass,the yield of medical part and contents of effective components,in the North and central region of Fujian,planting density of Platycodon grandiflorum should be about 49.5-45.0 million lines/hm².更多还原