【作者】 季彪俊； Youji NITTA； 黄金星； 夏法刚； 吴锋； 王玉；

【Author】 JI Biao-Jun;Youji NITTA;HUANG Jin-Xing;XIA Fa-Gang;WU Feng;WANG Yu;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics,Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops,College of Crop Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University;The College of Agriculture,lbaraki University;Institute of Agriculture Science of Pucheng;

【机构】 作物遗传育种与综合利用省部共建教育部重点实验室福建农林大学作物科学学院； 日本茨城大学农学部； 浦城县农业科学研究所；

【摘要】 薏苡(Coix lachryma-jobi L.)是在亚洲的许多国家如中国、日本、菲律宾、缅甸、泰国等都认为薏苡有保健作用,并用作传统的药物。以往的研究注重从薏苡的种子中提取相应的抗癌与抗肿瘤成分,对于薏苡的农艺性状与种子形态特性研究较少。本试验测定三个日本薏苡品种的种子形态特性,观察了淀粉的微结构,结果表明,3个品种在种子长度上没有显著差异;除种子宽度外,Akishizuku与Toriizumi在其它性状上没有差异,但两者都与Hatoyutaka在5个种子性状上有显著的差异。电子显微镜观察表明,薏苡的淀粉以单个圆形淀粉粒为主,Akishizuku的淀粉粒表面有较多的深坑,淀粉粒间有较多的蛋白粒;Toriizumi的淀粉粒较松散,内部有中空的结构;Hatoyutaka的淀粉粒有重叠类似水稻淀粉的现象。Akishizuku与Toriizumi的农艺性状以及淀粉微结构较为相似,却与Hatoyutaka相差较大,可能与这两个品种来自同一个祖先有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Job’s tears(Coix lacryma-jobi L.),which is also called adlay,is considered as a nutritious health cereal and used as folk medicines in Asian countries such as China,Japan,Philippines,Myanmar,and Thailand.Previous studies mainly focus on extracts of Job’s tears bran and their anticancer and anti-inflammation activities,however,agricultural and ecological information on seed and growth characteristics are limited.Three Job’s tears cultivars(Akishizuku,Toriizumi and Hatoyutaka) were used in this study to reveal seed traits and accumulation structure of storage substances of Job’s tears agronomicaliy and ecologically.Seed traits of Akishizuku and Toriizumi were almost same except for grain width.However,five traits were highly significant different(probability <1%) between Akishizuku and Hatoyutaka Grain length was not differ among 3 cultivars.Scanning electron microscopical observation revealed that amyloplast of Job’s tears has a single starch granule(’simple starch granule(grain)’).Amyloplasts of Akishizuku had many deep holes on the surface.Among the amyloplasts,there were many protein bodies.Many amyloplasts of Toriizumi were decomposed with deflated and hollow structure.There were spaces among amyloplasts.Protein bodies were also accumulated among amyloplasts.In Hatoyutaka,amyloplasts and protein bodies were accumulated closely and high density.There was few structure of holes,hollows and decomposition.Protein bodies were a lot among amyloplasts.These results suggest that seed traits of Akishizuku and Toriizumi were almost same because they have the same ancestor,while highly significant difference between Hatoyutaka and Akishizuku was observed.Hatoyutaka accumulates amyloplasts and protein bodies with high density,while Akishizuku and Toriizumi have deflated,hollow or decomposed structure.更多还原