【作者】 顾日良； 李莉； 梁晓琳； 王延波； 樊廷录； 王建华；

【Author】 GU Ri-Liang;LI Li;LIANG Xiao-Lin;WANG Yan-Bo;FAN Ting-Lu;WANG Jian-Hua;Center of Seed Science and Technology,Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding,Beijing Innovation Center for Seed Technology(MOA),College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University;Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Maize Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences;

【机构】 中国农业大学农学院种子科学与技术研究中心农业部种子全程技术北京创新中心； 新疆农科院； 辽宁农科院； 甘肃农科院；

【摘要】 为了研究中国种植最广泛的两个品种先玉335和郑单958的种子最佳收获期,我们在甘肃,新疆和辽宁三个生态环境下进行了2-3年(共8个环境)的制种实验,在开花后33天到63天每隔3天进行一次取样(共11次取样),收获不同成熟期的种子用于种子标准发芽率(SG),人工老化发芽率(AAG)和低温发芽率(CTG)测定,同时测定了种子含水量、百粒重和有效积温。结果表明三个种子活力指标和百粒重与收获期的关系符合二次方方程,先玉335的SG,AAG和CTG达到顶点时间是57.97天,郑单958是56.80天。此时先玉335种子的含水量是33.15%,有效积温是1234℃;郑单958的含水量是34.98%,有效积温是1226℃。两个品种百粒重达到最大的时间大概在种子活力达到最大后5天。相关性分析表明,随着收获期的推迟,有效积温和种子活力的关系最密切,可以作为一种新的指示种子收获期的指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 To clarify the ideal harvest time（IHT） for seed production of maize XY335 and ZD958,six seed related traits were evaluated in seeds harvested at 11 harvest stages under 8 environments.Standard germination（SG）,accelerated aging germination（AAG） and cold test germination（CTG） were vigor traits;hundred seed weight（HSW） and seed moisture content（SMC） were physiology traits;and above 10℃ accumulated temperature from flowering to harvest(AT10_fh) was an ecology trait.All the traits were significantly affected by harvest stage.The responses of SG,AAG,CTG and HSW to harvest stage postponing fixed to quadratic model;while SMC and ATI On,fixed to linear model.The IHT（here indicated by the last date to reach maximum SG,AAG and CTG） were 57.97 DAP and 56.80 DAP for XY335 and ZD958,respectively.SMC and AT10_fh at IHT were 33.15%and 1234℃ for XY335,and 34.98%and 1226 ℃ for ZD958,respectively.The period to reach maximum HSW showed 5 days later than the IHT.Compared to HSW and SMC,AT10_fh showed closer relationships to the seed vigor traits.Together with the fact that AT10_fh was less affected by environment,it was suggested as a novel indicator for determining the IHT.更多还原