【作者】 李瑞民； 傅友强； 潘俊峰； 梁开明； 雷志雄； 陈燕； 黄农荣； 钟旭华；

【Author】 LI Ruimin;FU Youqiang;PAN Junfeng;LIANG Kaiming;LEI Zhixiong;CHEN Yan;HUANG Nongrong;ZHONG Xuhua;Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Leizhou City;Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences;

【机构】 雷州市农业技术推广中心； 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所；

【摘要】 本研究以水稻品种特籼占25为材料,设置农民习惯栽培、"三控"施肥和节水高产栽培3个处理,研究不同处理对水稻产量、氮肥利用率、病虫害发生、抗倒性和经济效益的影响。结果显示,与农民习惯栽培相比,"三控"施肥和节水高产栽培处理的纹枯病病情指数分别减少56.5%~69.2%和70.9%~80.0%,稻纵卷叶螟卷叶率分别降低28.1%~66.5%和70.1%~71.9%,稻飞虱百丛头数分别降低了35.1%~77.9%和71.9%~80.8%;"三控"施肥处理下水稻基部第1、2、3节间长度分别缩短了9.1%~20.1%、4.7%~12.9%和1.5%~7.8%,节水高产栽培处理下分别缩短了23.9%~27.4%、19.7%~26.8%和10.2%~21.4%,植株抗倒性均大幅提高;"三控"施肥处理的稻谷产量增加1.7%~5.5%、氮肥偏生产力提高了11.7%~16.5%、纯收入增加1 972~2 114元/hm2,节水高产栽培处理的稻谷产量增加9.9%~19.7%、氮肥偏生产力提高了34.3%~46.3%、纯收入增加2 010~4 305元/hm~2。节水高产栽培技术应用对减少水稻病虫害,提高产量、抗倒伏能力和种植收益均具有明显的优势,显示了良好的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study,Texianzhan 25 was grown in farmers’ fields under farmer practices(FP), "three control"(TC) and "watersaving and high-yield cultivation "(WSHY),respectively.The rice yield,nitrogen use efficiency,pests and diseases incidence,lodging resistance and economic benefit were investigated.Compared with FP,the disease index of sheath blight,leaf roll rate of cnaphalocrocis medinalis and rice planthopper under TC and WSHY treatments were decreased by 56.5%~69.2%and 70.9%~80.0%,28.1%~66.5%and 70.1%~71.9%,35.1%~77.9%and 71.9%~80.8%,respectively.The basic internode length of die 1 st,2 nd and 3 th internode under TC treatment were reduced by 9.1%~20.1%,4.7%~12.9%and 1.5%~7.8%,which were also reduced by 23.9%~27.4%,19.7%~26.8%and 10.2%~21.4%under WSHY treatment,respectively.Lodging resistance was greatly increased under TC and WSHY treatments.The grain yield,nitrogen partial factor productivity and income of TC treatment were increased by 1.7%~5.5%,11.7%~16.5%and 1 972-2 114 yuan/hm~2,and which were increased by 9.9%~19.7%,34.3%~46.3%and 2 010~4 305 yuan/hm~2 of WSHY treatment.In a word,WSHY treatment has obvious advantages and show a good application prospect.更多还原