Integrated management strategy for improving the grain yield and nitrogen-use efficiency of winter wheat

【作者】 徐海成； Xinglong Dai； Ting Zha； Lijun Yin； Xin Ma； Jinpeng Chu； 贺明荣；

【Author】 Haicheng Xu;Xinglong Dai;Ting Zha;Lijun Yin;Xin Ma;Jinpeng Chu;Mingrong He;State Key Lab.of Crop Biology,Key Lab.of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System,Ministry of Agriculture,Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University;

【机构】 State Key Lab.of Crop Biology,Key Lab.of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System,Ministry of Agriculture,Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University；

【摘要】 【Background and Aims】 Understanding on combinations of agronomic options,including seeding rate,sowing date,and nutrient management,to improve the grain yield and nitrogen(N) use efficiency(NUE) of winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) are limited.We performed a three-year experiment involving four integrated management strategies to evaluate changes in grain yield and NUE,and to determine an optimal management strategy.【Materials and Methods】 The integrated management treatments were designed as follows:current practice(T1);improved practice over current practice to offset major limitations to wheat plant growth(T2);high-yield management(T3),which aimed to maximize grain yield regardless of the cost of resource inputs;and integrated soil and crop system management for improved grain yield and NUE with a higher seeding rate,delayed sowing date,and optimized nutrient management(T4).【Results】Treatment T3 produced the highest grain yield among all treatments over three years.Grain yield averaged across three years with the T4 treatment was 95.85%of that with T3 and was 21.72 and 6.10%higher than with T1 and T2,respectively.Treatment T2 produced the highest NUE of all the integrated treatments.The NUE with T4 was 95.36%of that with T2 and was 51.91 and 25.62%higher than with T1 and T3,respectively.The N-uptake efficiency(UPE) averaged across three years with T4 was50.75 and 16.62%higher than with T1 and T3,respectively.The N-utilization efficiency(UTE) averaged across three years with T4 was 7.74%higher than with T3.Compared with T3,the increased UPE with T4 was attributed mostly to its far lower available N despite the lower aboveground N uptake(AGN),while the increased UTE with T4 was caused mainly by its highest N harvest index(NHI) and relatively low grain N concentration(GNC),which consequently led to the improved NUE.【Conclusions】 Therefore,if a decrease in yield of about 5%is acceptable,the T4 treatment should be recommended as the optimal management strategy for both high grain yield and high NUE in the target region,although further improvements are required for NUE.更多还原

【Abstract】 【Background and Aims】 Understanding on combinations of agronomic options,including seeding rate,sowing date,and nutrient management,to improve the grain yield and nitrogen(N) use efficiency(NUE) of winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) are limited.We performed a three-year experiment involving four integrated management strategies to evaluate changes in grain yield and NUE,and to determine an optimal management strategy.【Materials and Methods】 The integrated management treatments were designed as follows:current practice(T1);improved practice over current practice to offset major limitations to wheat plant growth(T2);high-yield management(T3),which aimed to maximize grain yield regardless of the cost of resource inputs;and integrated soil and crop system management for improved grain yield and NUE with a higher seeding rate,delayed sowing date,and optimized nutrient management(T4).【Results】Treatment T3 produced the highest grain yield among all treatments over three years.Grain yield averaged across three years with the T4 treatment was 95.85%of that with T3 and was 21.72 and 6.10%higher than with T1 and T2,respectively.Treatment T2 produced the highest NUE of all the integrated treatments.The NUE with T4 was 95.36%of that with T2 and was 51.91 and 25.62%higher than with T1 and T3,respectively.The N-uptake efficiency(UPE) averaged across three years with T4 was50.75 and 16.62%higher than with T1 and T3,respectively.The N-utilization efficiency(UTE) averaged across three years with T4 was 7.74%higher than with T3.Compared with T3,the increased UPE with T4 was attributed mostly to its far lower available N despite the lower aboveground N uptake(AGN),while the increased UTE with T4 was caused mainly by its highest N harvest index(NHI) and relatively low grain N concentration(GNC),which consequently led to the improved NUE.【Conclusions】 Therefore,if a decrease in yield of about 5%is acceptable,the T4 treatment should be recommended as the optimal management strategy for both high grain yield and high NUE in the target region,although further improvements are required for NUE.更多还原