【作者】 顾品强； 徐相明； 朱峰； 过霁冰； 王玲燕；

【Author】 Gu Pinqiang;Xu Xiangming;Zhu Feng;Guo Jibing;Wang Lingyan;Fengxian District Meteorological Observatory,Shanghai;Key Laboratory of environmental change and natural disaster of Ministry of education, Beijing Normal University;Fengxian District Shanghai farmers science and technology education and training center;

【机构】 上海市奉贤区气象局； 北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室； 上海市奉贤区农民科技教育培训中心；

【摘要】 根据2011~2015年水稻生育期观测资料、2014~2015年水稻收割、小麦播种进度统计资料和同期降水、气温、日照时数等气象要素观测资料,统计分析了夏秋季异常气候对水稻生育期及稻麦收种的影响。结果表明:2015年夏秋季水稻生长期间积温偏少、雨量偏多,造成水稻生育期延迟7~10 d,导致水稻成熟高峰期刚好与持续连阴雨天气相遇,是水稻收割严重延误和小麦无法播种的主要原因。水稻成熟期随移栽至成熟期间>10℃有效积温增加(减少)、移栽期提早(推迟)呈提早(延迟)变化。迟栽、收割时间对水稻产量具有较大的影响。据此,从水稻安全生育性和种植机械化考虑,提出针对异常气候的避灾对策,以期为政府和相关部门提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the growth period observation data of rice in 2014-2015, the rice harvest, wheat planting progress statistics in 2011-2015 and the corresponding precipitation, temperature, sunshine time number of meteorological observation data. Statistical analysis of the in summer and autumn of abnormal climate on the growth stage of rice and rice wheat harvest effect. The results showed that the 2015 summer autumn rice growth period less than normal temperature, rainfall is too much, resulting in rice growth period delayed 7~10 d and resulted in Rice Mature peak just and continuous overcast and rainy weather meet is rice harvest serious delays and wheat won’t be able to plant the main reason. Rice mature period with transplanting to maturity period effective temperature of > 10 ℃ increase(decrease), transplanting early(delayed) was early(delayed) changes. Late planting and harvesting time had great influence on rice yield. According to the above, the Countermeasures of avoiding the abnormal climate were put forward based on the consideration of the safety of rice and planting mechanization, in order to provide reference for the government and related departments.更多还原