【作者】 秦志宏； 郭伟； 李春生；

【Author】 QIN Zhihong;GUO Wei;LI Chunsheng;China University of Mining and Technology;

【机构】 中国矿业大学；

【摘要】 卤素是煤中的微量元素,但一般认为煤燃烧是环境中氯污染的最大人为污染源。煤中有机氯在燃烧和热解过程中会产生二噁英等毒害物质,无机氯气化后则会以氯化氢或有机氯化物等气态形态污染物释放,对设备管道有很强的腐烛性,给生产带来极大的不便和损失。因此,了解和掌握煤中氯化物的赋存和释出特性有着十分重要的意义。依据新近提出的煤全组分族分离方法-萃取反萃取法及煤嵌布结构模型思想,采用正己烷、甲醇、丙酮、氯仿、CS₂和THF六级溶剂在常温、常压下对淮北童亭煤、徐州煤、平顶山煤各族组分进行分级分次索氏萃取,对各级萃取物进行GC/MS分析。结果表明:索氏萃取溶出物中有机卤化物的溶出行为主要发生在氯仿级的萃取过程中,其溶出物主要以烷基氯、芳基氯（溴）和含氧氯化物4种为主,相对分子质量为94-250;其中含氧氯化物倾向分布于疏中质组和密中质组中,以较小微孔嵌入态和网络嵌入态赋存;芳基氯化物倾向分布于重质组中,以较小微孔态赋存;烷基氯化物在各族组分中没有倾向性,以三种赋存状态存在于各族组分中。运用集团结构适应性理论和选择性分子间力合理解释了氯仿高萃取率的原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Halogen is a trace element in coal, but the combustion of coal is generally recognized as the biggest man-made sources of chloride pollution in environment. Organochlorines in coal will produce dioxins and other toxic substances by combustion and pyrolysis process. Inorganic chlorine will be released as hydrogen chloride or organic chlorides after gasification, which will corrod pipeline equipment, and cause inconvenience and loss on production. Therefore, it has great significance to understand and master the occurrence and release characteristic of chlorine in coal. According to the method of separating all group components from coal through extraction and stripping, and the basic idea of coal inbuilt structure model, group components of Huaibei, Tongting, Xuzhou and Pingdingshan coals were extracted using n-hexane, methanol, acetone, chloroform, CS2 and THF by fractional Soxhlet extraction at ordinary temperature and pressure. The extracts of all levels were analyzed by GC/MS. The results show that the dissolution behavior of the organohalogen compounds of the extracts from the Soxhlet extraction mainly appear in chloroform extraction process. Its soluble substances mainly contain alkyl chloride, aryl chloride(bromine) and oxygen chloride, and their relative molecular mass are 94-250; The oxygen chloride tends to be distributed in the dense medium and loose medium components with smaller pores embedded and network embedded states occurrence; Aryl chloride tends to be distributed in the heavy component, occurrence with smaller pores; Alkyl chloride with three occurrence forms in all group components has no tendency. It is explained the reason for the high extract yield by chloroform that using the theory of group structure adaptability and selective intermolecular force reasonably.更多还原