【作者】 李戈； 秦权； 董聪；

【Author】 Li Ge;Qin Quan;Dong Cong;

【机构】 清华大学土木工程系；

【摘要】 本文利用遗传算法搜索悬索桥结构健康监测系统中传感器的最优测点。以青马悬索桥为对象,研究其加劲梁和桥塔上传感器的最优布点。在讨论经典遗传算法的基本原理和优点,及在结构健康监测系统中,为探测累积损伤用的传感器最优布点之后,本文讨论了广义遗传算法,并用一个算例比较了广义遗传算法和经典遗传算法,结果表明广义遗传算法比经典遗传算法有明显改进。最后,以香港青马桥为例讨论了用广义遗传算法求大跨度悬索桥最优测点,文中针对不同传感器及不同目的提出了三个适应度,它们分别由位移模态和曲率模态表示。并根据这三个适应度用广义遗传算法搜索了青马桥上传感器最优布点。结果表明,用广义遗传算法搜索悬索桥监测系统中传感器的最优布点结果稳定可靠,且收敛迅速。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking Tsing Ma bridge as an example and using the genetic algorithms(GA’s),this paper discusses the optimal localization of sensors on suspension bridges for detection of accumulated damage for structural health monitoring systems.After brief discussion on the classical GA’s and background of the monitoring systems,the paper describes the generalized GA’s,and uses an example to compare them with the classical GA’s.The results show that the generalized GA’s are clearly more effective than the classical GA’s.On the basis of displacement and curvature modes,three expressions of the fitness are defined for different sensors and tasks in the paper.The generalized GA’s are used to search the optimal localization of accelerometers and strain gages on the stifening decks and the towers of Tsing Ma bridge.The results show that the generalized GA’s give reliable and stable results with rapid convergence.更多还原